Apigenin Inhibits NNK-induced FAK Phosphorylation
BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2 and cells were propagated to confluence and then serum-starved overnight prior to treatment. The cells were (A) treated with 100 μM of NNK for 0, 1, 5, 10,15 or 30 min, (B) untreated, treated with 100 μM of NNK alone, or pre-treated with 50 μM of propranolol followed by 100 μM of NNK for 0, 1, 5, 10,15 or 30 min or (C) untreated, treated with 100 μM of NNK, or pre-treated with 50 μM of apigenin followed by 100 μM of NNK for 0, 1, 5, 10,15 or 30 min. The cells were processed for protein and probed with phospho-Y397 FAK-specific antibody. Data are presented as relative expression ± SEM based on band densitometry normalized to total FAK. Statistical significance of p<0.05 are indicated by the asterisk (*) for comparison of BxPC-3 data sets and the double asterisks (**) for comparison of MIA PaCa-2 data sets only.