Table 3.

Cultural Considerations or Modifications Reported in Six Depression Treatment Studies

Study/Year	Description of Modification	Treatment Dimensions*
Areán et al. /2005	Older adults from different racial/ethnic backgrounds were depicted in case simulations in the educational video and written materials.	Metaphors (actors as ‘cultural symbols’)
Areán et al. /2008	None reported.	N/A
Bogner & de Vries /2010	Diabetes information was culturally tailored. Integrated care manager received training in cultural interviewing and sensitivity, and culturally competent evidence-based practices in order to establish rapport. Cultural interviewing was conducted by the integrated care manager to assist participants in developing culturally acceptable solutions to treatment non-adherence.	Methods Content Concepts Goals
Ell et al. /2010	Three trials used bilingual (English/Spanish) providers and research staff; psychosocial therapy handouts and educational materials were translated linguistically and culturally; resource materials were also available in Spanish. Cultural competency training was provided to research staff.	Language Persons Content Concepts
Husaini et al./2004	Five of the seven group leaders were African-American. Issues related to cultural sensitivity were raised during group therapy. In some groups, sessions opened with a prayer, initiated and led by group members, and reflecting common cultural and religious experiences.	Persons Methods Content Concepts
Lichtenberg /1997	None reported.	N/A
Quijano et al. /2007	The GDS-15 was professionally translated to Spanish and then reviewed by a focus group of bilingual service providers for content and meaning relevant to older Mexican-origin Latinos. Bilingual service workers implemented the intervention for older Latinos.	Language Persons

^*Corresponding to criteria provided in Bernal, Bonilla, and Bellido(41)