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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jun 23;1831(1):203–212. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.06.006

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the time course of total sphingosine kinase activity in the presence and absence of ischemic preconditioning modified from reference 80. Buffer perfused mouse hearts were equilibrated for 20 min on a Langendorff rig and then subjected to 50 min of ischemia followed by 40 min of reperfusion. SK activities are expressed as pmols of S1P formed per min per g wet weight of heart. SK activity at 75 min and 120 min was significantly different (P<0.05) when preconditioned and non-preconditioned samples were compared by analysis of variance followed by post-hoc testing using the Student Neuman Keuls method (n=5 for each data point).The error bars are the standard deviation. Some hearts received two cycles of ischemic preconditioning in which flow was stopped for 2 min and then resumed after 30 seconds. As can be seen, the preconditioned hearts displayed a smaller decline in enzyme activity which returned to normal by the end of reperfusion, while the non-preconditioned hearts exhibited a much steeper decline in enzyme activity which remained depressed throughout the reperfusion period. Equil = equilibrium; Isch = no flow ischemia; Reperf = reperfusion.

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