Table 1.
Number of transcripts differentially expressed
| Effect | ANOVA | ANCOVA I | ANCOVA II |
| Malaria | |||
| Parasite load | 2,971 | 3,014 | 1,990 |
| Cases:controls | 3,334 | 3,177 | 3,154 |
| High parasitemia:control | 4,852 | 4,402 | 4,085 |
| Low parasitemia:control | 2,493 | 2,438 | 2,377 |
| High parasitemia:low parasitemia | 2,772 | 2,601 | 2,078 |
| Three-way comparison | 6,178 | 5,856 | 5,180 |
| Location | |||
| Village:city | 1,089 | 310 | 30 |
| Sex | |||
| Female:male | 40 | 48 | 43 |
All contrasts shown in this table are from analyses performed on the cases and controls combined dataset (155 individuals), except the parasite load effect, which was estimated by analyzing the 94 cases alone. ANOVA accounts for the infection status effect, sex, location, hemoglobin genotype and pair-wise interactions. ANCOVA I and ANCOVA II additionally account for total blood cell counts and significant gPCs (gPC1-3; Tracy–Widom statistic < 0.01), respectively. The FDR was evaluated by using the Benjamini and Hochberg method.