Fig. 6.

Regulation of type II PAKs. (A) Updated schematic diagram for type II PAK family members. The type II PAKs contain a GBD, an autoinhibitory pseudosubstrate (PS), and a C-terminal kinase domain. (B) Schematic showing regulation of type II PAKs. Activation loop-phosphorylated type II PAKs are autoinhibited by the pseudosubstrate sequence RPKP. GTPase binding to the GBD does not activate type II PAKs, but is important for subcellular localization. A second signal (e.g., an SH3 domain) releases pseudosubstrate autoinhibition to allow kinase activity, possibly through direct interaction with the pseudosubstrate sequence or another portion of the N terminus.