Table 2. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in relation to baseline characteristics of black and white SCCS participants, 2002–2009 (excluding those with prevalent ESRD at baseline).

	Overall			Black			White
Characteristic	ESRD events	HR	95% CI	ESRD events	HR	95% CI	ESRD events	HR	95% CI
Recruitment
CHC Population	616	1.2	0.8–1.6	551	1.2	0.8–1.7	65	1.1	0.6–2.1
General Population	46	Ref		31	Ref		15	Ref
Sex
Female	357	0.6	0.5–0.7	314	0.6	0.5–0.7	43	0.7	0.4–1.02
Male	305	Ref		268	Ref		37	Ref
Race
Black	582	2.4	1.9–3.0
White	80	Ref
Education
Less than 12th grade	256	0.9	0.8–1.1	232	0.9	0.8–1.1	24	0.9	0.5–1.6
High/Vocational School	259	Ref		230	Ref		29	Ref
Some college or more	147	0.9	0.7–1.1	120	0.8	0.7–1.03	27	1.0	0.6–1.8
Annual Household Income
less than $15,000/year	472	1.5	1.2–1.8	420	1.4	1.2–1.7	52	1.6	0.97–2.8
$15,000/year or more	190	Ref		162	Ref		28	Ref
Smoking
Ever	437	1.2	1.02–1.4	382	1.2	1.02–1.5	55	1.2	0.7–1.9
Never	225	Ref		200	Ref		25	Ref
Hypertension Dx
No	90	Ref		75	Ref		15	Ref
Yes	572	2.9	2.3–3.7	507	3.0	2.3–3.9	65	2.1	1.1–3.8
Time Since Diabetes Dx
Never Diagnosed	240	Ref		214	Ref		26	Ref
less than 10 years	134	2.6	2.1–3.3	118	2.6	2.1–3.3	16	2.9	1.5–5.5
10–19 years	176	8.7	7.1–10.7	153	8.4	6.7–10.5	23	10.9	6.0–19.9
20 or more years	112	9.4	7.4–11.9	97	8.9	6.9–11.6	15	13.2	6.7–26.1
MI/CABG
No	563	Ref		504	Ref		59	Ref
Yes	99	1.3	1.00–1.6	78	1.3	0.97–1.6	21	1.2	0.7–2.1
Stroke
No	569	Ref		503	Ref		66	Ref
Yes	93	1.3	1.1–1.7	79	1.3	1.1–1.7	14	1.3	0.7–2.3
High cholesterol
No	334	Ref		305	Ref		29	Ref
Yes	328	1.2	1.01–1.4	277	1.2	1.01–1.4	51	1.2	0.7–1.9