TABLE 3.

STRATIFIED CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS FOR THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND SMOKING ON LUNG FUNCTION

	FEV1		FVC		FEV1/FVC
	β	P Value	β	P Value	β	P Value
Deficient	−0.012	<0.0001	−0.009	0.0002	−0.176	<0.0001
Not deficient	−0.0065	<0.0001	−0.004	0.0002	−0.108	<0.0001

The table shows β and P values for pack-years in multivariable models in subjects with and without vitamin D deficiency adjusted for age, height, body mass index, pack-years, smoking status, and season of blood draw. In vitamin D–deficient subjects, number of pack-years of smoking had a more negative effect on lung function than in subjects who were not vitamin D deficient.