Table 1.
Treatment modalities according to anatomical locationa
| Treatment modality | ||
|---|---|---|
| Anatomic location | Surgical procedure | |
| Nasal cavity | Soft tissue | Polypectomy, ablation of turbinate |
| Skeletal | Septoplasty | |
| Nasopharynx | Adenoidectomy | |
| Oropharynx | Soft tissue | Tonsillectomy, UPPP, LAUP |
| Skeletal | Rapid maxillary expansion | |
| Hypopharynx | Soft tissue | Midline glossectomy, tongue base reduction |
| Skeletal | Mandibular advancement, genioglossal advancement, hyoid myotomy suspension | |
| Oro and hypophanrynx | Skeletal | Maxillomandibular advancement |
| Bypass of the airway | Tracheotomy | |
LAUP uvulopalatoplasty; UPPP uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
aAdapted and modified from Sher, AE. Upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med Rev 2002;6:195–212