TABLE 4.

Differential costs between stepped care and standard exposure and response prevention (ERP), flexible dose

	Stepped care	Standard ERP	t (28)	d
Patient direct cost	$584.95 (635.38)	$1,037.45 (452.66)	2.12*	0.82
Payer direct cost	$1,299.88 (1,411.96)	$2,305.45 (1,005.91)	2.12*	0.82
Total direct cost	$1,884.83 (2,047.35)	$3,342.90 (1,458.58)	2.12*	0.82
Patient indirect cost	$377.98 (424.71)	$628.69 (365.04)	1.67	0.63
Provider indirect cost	$216.80 (280.85)	$308.24 (163.85)	1.02	0.40
Total cost	$2,479.62 (2,555.75)	$4,279.84 (1,822.53)	2.10*	0.81

Note:

Patient direct cost=deductible and coinsurance paid by patient; Payer direct cost=cost of session paid by third party payer (e.g. Medicare, commercial insurance); Total direct cost=the combination of patient and payer direct costs; Patient indirect cost=indirect costs of participating in treatment, including cost of travel and lost wages from time spent in treatment, driving to and from treatment, or waiting for treatment session; Provider indirect costs=Labor cost not reimbursed by insurance, such as preparing for session, and cost of travel for off-site sessions; Total cost=Total cost of treatment including all direct and indirect costs to patient, payer, and provider.

^*P<.05.