Table 1.
Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics for patients with or without prior stroke
| Variable | No stroke (n = 7,874 ) | Stroke (n = 56) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis |
|
|
|
| STEMI / New or presumed LBBB |
45.4% |
71.4% |
0.001 |
| NSTEMI |
30.2% |
17.9% |
|
| Unstable Angina |
24.4% |
10.7% |
|
| Age in years (mean ± SD) |
57 ± 12 |
62 ± 12 |
0.006 |
| Female gender |
21.2% |
25% |
0.5 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) |
27 ± 5 |
26 ± 4 |
0.20 |
| Current smokers |
52.9% |
51.8% |
0.9 |
| Previous angina |
38.4% |
45.3% |
0.30 |
| Previous MI |
19.8% |
20.8% |
0.86 |
| Previous PCI |
9.2% |
5.6% |
0.35 |
| Previous CABG |
4.3% |
3.6% |
0.8 |
| Diabetes mellitus* |
40.1% |
43.6% |
0.6 |
| Hypertension† |
47.6% |
66% |
0.01 |
| Hyperlipidemia‡ |
37.5% |
34.8% |
0.001 |
| Family history of CAD |
11.7% |
8.7% |
0.53 |
| Previous heart failure |
6.7% |
13.2% |
0.06 |
| Atrial fibrillation |
2.1% |
7.1% |
0.008 |
| Renal failure |
4.1% |
3.7% |
0.89 |
| Peripheral arterial disease |
2% |
4% |
0.26 |
| At presentation | |||
| Presentation >12 hours |
58.4% |
41.7% |
0.1 |
| Ischemic chest pain |
84.3% |
62.5% |
0.001 |
| Atypical chest pain |
5% |
3.6% |
|
| Dyspnea |
7% |
10.7% |
|
| Killip Class |
|
|
0.001 |
| Killip class I |
77.2% |
53.6% |
|
| Killip class II |
14.4% |
28.6% |
|
| Killip class III |
5.1% |
5.4% |
|
| Killip class IV |
3.2% |
12.5% |
|
| Heart rate (beats/min) (mean ± SD) |
84 ± 20 |
90 ± 19 |
0.05 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) (mean ± SD) |
135 ± 29 |
132 ± 35 |
0.44 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) (mean ± SD) |
81 ± 17 |
90 ± 19 |
0.05 |
| GRACE risk score |
|
|
|
| Low |
39% |
20% |
0.001 |
| Intermediate |
39% |
36% |
|
| High |
22% |
44% |
|
| Medications before admission |
|
|
|
| Aspirin |
40.5% |
43.6% |
0.4 |
| Clopidogrel |
12.4% |
8.9% |
0.4 |
| Β-blockers |
29.1% |
25% |
0.5 |
| ACE inhibitors |
25.6% |
33.9% |
0.2 |
| Angiotensin-receptor blockers |
4.7% |
1.8% |
0.3 |
| HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor |
31.5% |
30.4% |
0.9 |
| Laboratory investigations |
|
|
|
| Creatinine | 101 ± 74 | 140 ± 124 | 0.03 |
Data are expressed as mean or as number (percentage).
* Patient had been informed of the diagnosis by a physician before admission and was undergoing treatment for type 1 or 2 diabetes.
† Systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg, or current antihypertensive treatment.
ACE-inhibitors = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
‡ Total cholesterol >6.1 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein >4.1 mmol/L, or high-density lipoprotein <0.9 mmol/L; triglycerides >200 mg/dl; or current use of lipid-lowering agent; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; CAD = coronary artery diseases; CABG = Coronary Artery Bypass Graft.