| Patients with group A, C or G streptococci (%) | Patients with no group A, C or G streptococci (%) | Univariate OR | P-value | Multivariate ORa | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior duration | ≥5 days | 32/180(18) | 181/409 (44) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 3–4 days | 74/180 (41) | 131/409 (32) | 3.2 (2.0 to 5.1) | <0.001 | 2.0 (1.2 to 3.5) | 0.010 | |
| 1–2 days | 74/180 (41) | 97/409 (24) | 4.3 (2.7 to 7.0) | <0.001 | 3.6 (2.0 to 6.5) | <0.001 | |
| Glands | None | 15/178 (8) | 114/404 (28) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Small | 58/178 (33) | 125/404 (31) | 3.5 (1.9 to 6.6) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.2 to 5.0) | 0.019 | |
| Medium | 93/178 (52) | 145/404 (36) | 4.9 (2.7 to 8.9) | <0.001 | 3.0 (1.5 to 6.1) | 0.002 | |
| Large | 12/178 (7) | 20/404 (5) | 4.6 (1.9 to 11.2) | 0.001 | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.6) | 0.768 | |
| Tonsils inflamed | None | 21/177 (12) | 109/397 (27) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Slight | 29/177 (16) | 110/397 (28) | 1.4 (0.7to 2.5) | 0.322 | 1.2(0.6 to 2.4) | 0.670 | |
| Moderately bad | 71/177 (40) | 133/397 (34) | 2.8 (1.6 to 4.8) | <0.001 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.9) | 0.187 | |
| Severe | 56/177 (32) | 45/397 (11) | 6.5 (3.5 to 11.9) | <0.001 | 3.3 (1.6 to 7.0) | 0.002 | |
| Runny nose | Severe | 4/180 (2) | 17/409 (4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Moderately bad | 12/180 (7) | 63/409 (15) | 0.81 (0.2 to 2.8) | 0.741 | 0.9 (0.2 to 3.9) | 0.904 | |
| Slight | 34/180 (19) | 106/409 (26) | 1.4 (0.4 to 4.3) | 0.599 | 1.1 (0.3 to 4.4) | 0.853 | |
| None | 130/180 (72) | 223/409 (55) | 2.5 (0.8 to 7.5) | 0.109 | 1.6 (0.4 to 5.8) | 0.506 | |
| Age group | ≥21 years | 93/181 (51) | 265/411 (64) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 11–20 years | 56/181 (31) | 114/411 (28) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.1) | 0.097 | 1.1(0.7 to 1.8) | 0.741 | |
| ≤10 years | 32/181 (18) | 32/411 (8) | 2.8 (1.7 to 4.9) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.2 to 4.7) | 0.015 | |
| Sore throat | Slight | 6/181 (3) | 51/409 (12) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Moderately bad | 80/181 (44) | 199/409 (49) | 3.4 (1.4 to 8.3) | 0.006 | 3.0 (1.1 to 8.5) | 0.033 | |
| Severe | 95/181 (53) | 159/409 (39) | 5.1 (2.1 to 12.3) | <0.001 | 3.8 (1.3 to 10.9) | 0.012 | |
| Cough | Severe | 1/181 (1) | 34/410 (8) | 1.00 | 1.0 | ||
| Moderately bad | 21/181 (12) | 108/410 (26) | 6.6 (0.9 to 51) | 0.070 | 3.7 (0.5 to 30) | 0.225 | |
| Slight | 42/181 (23) | 94/410 (23) | 15 (2 to 115) | 0.008 | 6.6 (0.8 to 53) | 0.077 | |
| None | 117/181 (65) | 174/410 (42) | 23 (3 to 169) | 0.002 | 8.6 (1.1 to 68) | 0.041 | |
| Purulent tonsils | 95/180(53) | 126/409(31) | 2.5(1.8 to 3.6) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.5 to 1.3) | 0.365 | |
| Fever (last 24 hours) | None | 38/181 (21) | 175/410 (43) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Slight | 59/181 (33) | 114/410 (28) | 2.4 (1.5 to 3.8) | <0.001 | 1.7 (1.0 to 2.9) | 0.073 | |
| Moderately bad | 63/181 (35) | 88/410 (21) | 3.3 (2.0 to 5.3) | <0.001 | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.7) | 0.184 | |
| Severe | 21/181 (12) | 33/410 (8) | 2.9 (1.5 to 5.6) | 0.001 | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.2) | 0.946 | |
| Muscle aches | None | 61/180 (34) | 206/409 (50) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Slight | 49/180 (27) | 105/409 (26) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.5) | 0.044 | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.5) | 0.166 | |
| Moderately bad | 50/180 (28) | 75/409 (18) | 2.3 (1.4 to 3.6) | 0.001 | 2.6 (1.5 to 4.6) | 0.001 | |
| Severe | 20/180 (11) | 23/409 (6) | 2.9 (1.5 to 5.7) | 0.001 | 3.7 (1.6 to 8.8) | 0.002 | |
| Headache | None | 46/181 (25) | 166/409 (41) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Slight | 55/181 (30) | 127/409 (31) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.5) | 0.054 | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.2) | 0.484 | |
| Moderately bad | 59/181 (33) | 85/409 (21) | 2.5 (1.6 to 4.0) | <0.001 | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.2) | 0.079 | |
| Severe | 21/181 (12) | 31/409 (8) | 2.4 (1.3 to 4.7) | 0.006 | 1.3 (0.6 to 3.0) | 0.538 | |
a
all multivariate estimates adjusted for prior duration, cervical glands, severity of sore throat, severity of inflammation, absence of cough, absence of coryza, muscle aches and fever. OR = odds ratio.