Table 1.
parameter | value |
---|---|
initial stiffness, E1 | 875.9 MPa |
exponential parameter, α | 14.2 |
tangent stiffness parameter, β | 180 MPa |
final stiffness, E2 | 491.2 MPa |
yield strain, ɛy | 0.1356 |
softening strain, ɛs | 0.6322 |
ultimate (breaking) strain, ɛb | 0.6725 |
radial thread diameter (from earlier studies [50,51]) | 3.93 μm |
spiral thread diameter (from earlier studies [50,51]) | 2.40 μm |