Table 2.

Relationship Between Measures of Dependence and Observed Smoking Behaviors Among Intermittent Smokers (ITS)

Variable	Mean CPD		Max CPD		Max run		Proportion of days smoked
	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p
FTND
Linear	0.45	<.0001	0.39	<.0001	−0.26	<.0003	0.43	<.0001
Quadratic	0.24	<.02	0.17	NS	0.04	NS	−0.14	NS
TTFC
Linear	−0.26	<.0004	−0.21	<.003	0.33	<.0001	−0.51	<.0001
Quadratic	0.29	<.007	0.26	<.02	−0.12	NS	0.19	<.05
NDSS-T
Linear	0.44	<.0001	0.37	<.0001	−0.34	<.0001	0.46	<.0001
Quadratic	0.12	NS	0.10	NS	0.18	<.04	−0.24	<.003
WISDM primary
Linear	0.53	<.0001	0.51	<.0001	−0.41	<.0001	0.53	<.0001
Quadratic	−0.07	NS	0.00	NS	0.22	<.02	−0.25	<.004
WISDM secondary
Linear	0.26	<.0003	0.28	<.0001	−0.25	<.0004	0.33	<.0001
Quadratic	−0.01	NS	0.00	NS	0.12	NS	−0.13	NS
HONC continuous
Linear	0.30	<.0003	0.27	<.0008	−0.13	NS	0.31	<.0002
Quadratic	0.01	NS	−0.02	NS	0.08	NS	−0.11	NS
HONC- dichotomous
Lineara	0.15	NS	0.17	<.04	−0.16	<.05	0.24	<.003

Note. All models were weighted by race and controlled for history of daily smoking. CPD = cigarettes per day; β = standardized regression coefficient; FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, modified to exclude CPD item when used in CPD models; TTFC = time to first cigarette (hr); NDSS = Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale; WISDM = Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives; HONC = Hooked on Nicotine Checklist; NS = nonsignificant.

^aOnly linear (not quadratic) relations are possible with a dichotomy.