TABLE 3—
Associations of Absolute and Relative SES Indicators With 12-Month DSM-IV Mental Disorders: National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement, February 2001–January 2004
| Indicator | Model 1: Bivariate Associations,a OR (95% CI) | Model 2: Absolute SES,OR (95% CI) | Model 3: Relative Deprivation,OR (95% CI) | Model 4: Tract-Level Inequality,OR (95% CI) | Model 5: Subjective Social Status,OR (95% CI) | Model 6: Fully Adjusted Model,OR 95% CI |
| Parent education | ||||||
| < high school | 1.5* (1.1, 2.0) | 1.4* (1.0, 2.0) | 1.5* (1.0, 2.0) | 1.5* (1.0, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) |
| High school | 1.2* (1.0, 1.5) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) |
| Some college | 1.4* (1.2, 1.7) | 1.4* (1.1, 1.8) | 1.4* (1.1, 1.8) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) | 1.4* (1.1, 1.7) | 1.4* (1.1, 1.7) |
| χ23 (2-sided P) | 17.3* (< .001) | 11.1* (.011) | 11.3* (.01) | 8.8* (.033) | 11.2* (.011) | 9.0* (.029) |
| Family income | ||||||
| < 1.5 × poverty | 1.1 (0.8, 1.6) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.5) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.3) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.3) |
| > 1.5 and < 3 × poverty | 1.2 (1.0, 1.5) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.4) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) |
| > 3 and <6 × poverty | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.3) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) |
| χ23 (2-sided P) | 2.8 (.42) | 1.3 (.723) | 0.9 (.823) | 1.0 (.813) | 1.4 (.713) | 0.7 (.873) |
| Relative SES indicators | ||||||
| Relative deprivation | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) | 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) | |||
| Tract-level Gini coefficient | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) | |||
| Subjective social status | 0.8* (0.7, 0.8) | 0.8* (0.7, 0.8) | 0.8* (0.7, 0.8) | |||
Note. CI = confidence interval; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition; OR = odds ratio; SES = socioeconomic status. The sample size was n = 6483. Models were estimated in a logistic regression framework and controlled for age, gender, and race/ethnicity. The outcome variable in all models is presence of a past-year mental disorder.
a
Bivariate models present the association between each of the SES variables, considered alone, and past-year mental disorder, controlling for the demographic factors listed above.
*P < .05, 2-sided test.