HILIC isocratic separation of nucleosides using cysteine functionalized monoliths with a monolayer of 10 (a), and 15 nm gold nanoparticles (b). Conditions: Columns: 159 mm × 100 μm i.d. (a), 168 mm × 100 μm i.d. (b). mobile phase, 25 mmol/L ammonium formate (pH 3.2) in 90:10 vol% acetonitrile-water; flow rate, 0.5 μL/min; UV detection 254 nm; temperature 25°C. Peaks: thymine (1), adenosine (2), cytidine (3), cytosine (4), guanosine (5).