Knh is an outer membrane protein required for full-level adherence to Chang human epithelial cells. (A) Western blot analysis of outer membrane preparations from K. kingae strains KK03 (WT), KK03pilA1, KK03knh, and KK03knh/(knh) under standard SDS-PAGE denaturing conditions. (B) Western blot analysis of formic acid-treated outer membrane preparations from K. kingae strains KK03 (WT), KK03pilA1, KK03knh, and KK03knh/(knh) under standard SDS-PAGE denaturing conditions. Molecular sizes (MW) are expressed in kilodaltons. (C) Adherence of K. kingae strains KK03 (WT), KK03pilA1, KK03knh, and KK03knh/(knh) to Chang human epithelial cells. Adherence assays were conducted in triplicate. Error bars indicate standard errors of the means. Statistical analyses were performed by using the unpaired t test to compare the adherence levels of two strains as follows: P < 0.05 (*) for KK03 versus KK03knh, KK03pilA1 versus KK03knh, and KK03knh versus KK03knh/(knh).