Figure 2.

AICAR increases AMPK signaling in rat primary VSMC lysates. Cells were treated with AICAR (1 mM) for 60 min and AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation (A) and ACC Ser80 phosphorylation (B) were measured by traditional Western blotting using IR-linked antibodies. AICAR significantly increased phosphorylation of both AMPK Thr172 (A) and ACC Ser80 (B). Phosphorylated protein levels were normalized to α-Tubulin and data presented as fold change over control values. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant for n = 3 per group. ^**p < 0.01 compared to control.