(a)  

Study	Outcome measure	Internal consistency (Cronbach α)	SEM (Baseline SD ×  √1 − Cronbach α)		Baseline 0.5 SD		Baseline Mean (SD)		Within-Groups Mean Difference (95% CI)		Within-Groups Effect Size—Hedges' g (95% CI)		Between Groups Mean Difference (95% CI)	Between Groups Effect size—Hedges' g (95% CI)
			Yoga	Control	Yoga	Control	Yoga	Control	Yoga	Control	Yoga	Control
Chandwani et al., 2010 [10]	SF36 PCS						41.50	41.8	1.60	−2.80	0.18	−0.27	4.40	0.46
	(Physical)	.90	2.60	3.40	4.10	5.30	(8.20)	(10.6)	[−1.74, 4.94]	[−6.35, 0.75]	[−0.19, 0.54]	[−0.62, 0.08]	[−0.52, 9.32]c	[−0.06, 0.97]
	SF36 MCS						47.80	48.0	1.90	1.90	0.17	0.18	0.00	0.00
	(Mental)	.90	3.80	3.50	6.00	5.60	(12.00)	(11.1)	[−2.16, 5.96]	[−1.76, 5.56]	[−0.19, 0.54]	[−0.17, 0.52]	[−5.45, 5.45]	[−0.51, 0.51]
Culos-Reed et al., 2006 [12]	EORTC-QoL						64.58	62.04	13.66	0.46	0.56	0.03	13.20	0.67
	(Overall)	.89	8.50	4.26	12.82	6.43	(25.63)	(12.85)	[2.85, 24.47]ab	[−6.16, 7.08]	[0.08, 1.04]*	[−0.41, 0.47]	[0.52, 25.88]cd	[0.01, 1.32]*
	EORTC-Emo						79.58	75.00	4.22	−4.17	0.23	−0.25	8.39	0.48
	(Emotional)	.80	9.01	6.64	10.07	7.43	(20.14)	(14.85)	[−4.05, 12.49]	[−11.57, 3.23]	[−0.22, 0.67]	[−0.70, 0.20]	[−2.71, 19.49]cd	[−0.16, 1.13]
Danhauer et al., 2009 [13]	FACT-B						104.90	101.1	9.90	−2.70	0.48	−0.09	12.6	0.49
	(Overall)	.90	6.30	7.70	10.00	12.20	(19.90)	(24.4)	[−0.71, 20.51]a	[−17.80, 12.40]	[−0.06, 1.02]	[−0.58, 0.41]	[−6.12, 31.32]cd	[−0.25, 1.24]
	FACT-SWB						23.30	21.4	−0.20	−1.00	−0.04	−0.15	0.80	0.14
	(Social)	.69	2.60	3.00	2.60	2.70	(4.70)	(5.4)	[−2.84, 2.44]	[−4.26, 2.26]	[−0.55, 0.47]	[−0.65, 0.35]	[−3.43, 5.03]	[−0.60, 0.87]
	FACT-FWB						18.70	18.0	3.20	−0.60	0.57	−0.08	3.80	0.58
	(Functional)	.86	2.60	3.10	2.90	3.50	(5.70)	(6.9)	[0.33, 6.07]ab	[−4.38, 3.18]	[0.01, 1.12]*	[−0.57, 0.42]	[−1.00, 8.60]cd	[−0.17, 1.34]
	FACT-EWB						18.10	18.5	2.70	−0.30	0.70	−0.05	3.00	0.61
	(Emotional)	.69	2.00	2.70	2.00	2.60	(3.90)	(5.2)	[0.74, 4.66]ab	[−3.29, 2.69]	[0.13, 1.28]*	[−0.54, 0.44]	[−0.63, 6.63]cd	[−0.15, 1.35]
	FACT-PWB						19.70	20.7	2.80	0.40	0.36	0.07	2.40	0.36
	(Physical)	.81	3.00	2.20	3.50	2.60	(7.00)	(5.1)	[−1.18, 6.78]	[−2.44, 3.24]	[−0.17, 0.89]	[−0.42, 0.56]	[−2.44, 7.24]c	[−0.38, 1.10]
	SF-12 PCS						42.70	40.6	2.10	2.10	0.16	0.18	0.00	0.00
	(Physical)	.86	4.50	3.80	6.1 0	5.10	(12.10)	(10.1)	[−4.56, 8.76]	[−3.68, 7.88]	[−0.35, 0.67]	[−0.32, 0.68]	[−8.79, 8.79]	[−0.73.0.73]
	SF-12 MCS						43.40	49.9	8.80	−2.40	0.93	−0.18	11.20	1.00
	(Mental)	.81	4.40	4.50	5.10	5.10	(10.10)	(10.2)	[3.97, 13.63]ab	[−8.90, 4.10]	[0.30, 1.55]**	[−0.68, 0.31]	[3.01, 19.39]cd	[0.22, 1.78]**
Littman et al., 2011 [14]	FACT-B						89.00	87.8	1.30	−0.10	0.12	−0.01	1.40	0.11
	(Overall)	.90	2.97	4.49	4.70	7.10	(9.40)	(14.2)	[−2.58, 5.18]	[−5.61, 5.41]	[−0.24, 0.49]	[−0.37, 0.36]	[−5.34, 8.14]	[−0.42, 0.64]
	FACT-SWB						21.70	21.7	0.40	−0.80	0.08	−0.14	1.20	0.22
	(Social)	.69	2.84	3.01	2.60	2.70	(5.10)	(5.4)	[−1.51, 2.31]	[−2.96, 1.40]	[−0.29, 0.44]	[−0.50, 0.23]	[−1.68, 4.08]	[−0.31, 0.75]
	FACT-FWB						22.70	21.6	−0.10	0.10	−0.03	0.02	0.20	0.05
	(Functional)	.86	1.23	1.46	1.70	2.60	(3.30)	(5.1)	[−1.47, 1.27]	[−1.75, 1.95]	[−0.39, 0.34]	[−0.35, 0.39]	[−2.11, 2.51]	[−0.50, 0.57]
	FACT-EWB						19.80	20.3	0.50	0.50	0.14	0.17	0.00	0.00
	(Emotional)	.69	1.56	1.45	1.40	1.30	(2.80)	(2.6)	[−0.84, 1.84]	[−0.59, 1.59]	[−0.23, 0.51]	[−0.20, 0.54]	[−1.73, 1.73]	[−0.53, −0.53]
	FACT-PWB						24.70	24.2	0.70	0.10	0.33	0.02	0.60	0.18
	(Physical)	.81	1.00	1.7 0	1.20	2.00	(2.30)	(3.9)	[−0.08, 1.48]	[−1.47, 1.67]	[−0.05, 0.71]	[−0.34, 0.39]	[−1.16, 2.36]	[−0.35, 0.71]
Moadel et al., 2007 [15]	FACT-G						76.53	77.54	1.54	−7.16	0.09	−0.30	8.70	0.43
	(Overall)	.89	5.96	8.11	8.99	12.23	(17.98)	(24.45)	[−3.60, 6.68]	[−16.25, 1.93]	[−0.20, 0.37]	[−0.68, 0.09]	[−0.96, 18.36]c	[−0.05, 0.91]
	FACT-SWB						20.98	22.12	−0.30	−3.95	−0.05	−0.60	3.65	0.60
	(Social)	.69	3.47	3.46	3.12	3.11	(6.23)	(6.22)	[−1.99, 1.39]	[−6.41, −1.49]ab	[−0.34, 0.24]	[−1.00, −0.19]**	[0.75, 6.56]cd	[0.11, 1.09]*
	FACT-FWB						18.33	18.19	−0.16	−1.98	−0.02	−0.26	1.82	0.26
	(Functional)	.80	2.85	3.45	3.19	3.86	(6.38)	(7.72)	[−2.08, 1.76]	[−4.88, 0.92]	[−0.31, 0.26]	[−0.63, 0.12]	[−1.53, 5.17]	[−0.22, 0.74]
	FACT-EWB						16.36	16.50	1.83	−0.41	0.40	−0.07	2.24	0.44
	(Emotional)	.74	2.43	3.03	2.39	2.97	(4.77)	(5.94)	[0.51, 3.14]**	[−2.65, 1.83]	[0.10, 0.70]**	[0.44, 0.31]	[−0.19, 4.67]	[−0.05, 0.92]
	FACT-PWB						20.87	20.73	0.16	−0.82	0.03	−0.12	0.98	0.16
	(Physical)	.82	2.24	2.98	2.64	3.52	(5.28)	(7.03)	[−1.51, 1.83]	[−3.39, 1.75]	[−0.26, 0.32]	[−0.49, 0.26]	[−1.96, 3.91]	[−0.32, 0.64]
Vadiraja et al., 2009 [16]	EORTC-Phys						73.20	62.72	0.06	6.24	0.00	0.20	6.18	0.23
	(Physical)	.71	12.49	16.68	11.60	15.49	(23.20)	(30.98)	[−7.30, 7.42]	[−4.19, 16.66]	[−0.29, 0.30]	[−0.14, 0.54]	[−6.24, 18.60]	[−0.23, 0.68]
	EORTC-Role						72.72	71.59	7.16	1.26	0.20	0.03	5.90	0.16
	(Role)	.52	24.15	25.22	17.43	18.20	(34.86)	(36.40)	[−3.32, 17.64]	[−11.81, 14.33]	[−0.10, 0.50]	[−0.30, 0.37]	[−10.64, 22.44]	[−0.29, 0.61]
	EORTC-Emo (Emotional)						56.45	51.58	18.67	7.65	0.89	0.36	11.02	0.53
		.80	8.84	7.80	9.89	8.72	(19.77)	(17.44)	[12.47, 24.87]ab	[0.48, 14.82]	[0.54, 1.25]***	[−0.01, 0.70]*	[1.57, 20.47]cd	[0.07, 0.99]*
	EORTC-Cog						85.29	82.67	5.28	−1.90	0.30	−0.08	7.18	0.36
	(Cognitive)	.73	9.35	10.97	9.00	10.56	(18.00)	(21.12)	[0.13, 10.43]	[−9.66, 5.86]	[0.00, 0.61]*	[−0.42, 0.25]	[−1.83, 16.19]	[−0.10, 0.82]
	EORTC-Soc						52.82	52.41	2.14	−2.48	0.08	−0.10	4.62	0.18
	(Social)	.77	12.73	11.72	13.28	12.22	(26.55)	(24.43)	[−5.53, 9.81]	[−10.78, 5.82]	[−0.22, 0.38]	[−0.43, 0.23]	[−6.74, 15.98]	[−0.27, 0.64]