Table 1.

Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population

Characteristic	Diabetes Mellitus		p Value
	Yes (n = 169)	No (n = 273)
Age (years)	69 ± 10	68 ± 14	0.35
Men	139 (82%)	221 (81%)	0.80
Ischemic cardiomyopathy	114 (67%)	140 (51%)	0.001
Transvenous CRT placement	154 (91%)	256 (94%)	0.35
Hypertension	143 (85%)	180 (66%)	<0.0001
Coronary artery disease	132 (78%)	161 (59%)	<0.0001
Permanent atrial fibrillation	63 (37%)	91 (33%)	0.41
Previous coronary artery bypass grafting	92 (54%)	89 (33%)	<0.0001
Previous percutaneous coronary intervention	48 (28%)	68 (25%)	0.44
Medications on presentation
β blockers	148 (88%)	239 (88%)	1.00
Any diuretic	151 (89%)	233 (85%)	0.25
Digoxin	73 (43%)	120 (44%)	0.92
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers	134 (79%)	225 (82%)	0.45
Aldosterone antagonists	60 (36%)	84 (31%)	0.35
Baseline echocardiography
Time before implantation (days)	66 ± 107	59 ± 93	0.48
LVEF (%)	23 ± 7	23 ± 7	0.77
LV end-diastolic diameter (mm)	62 ± 8	63 ± 9	0.25
LV end-systolic diameter (mm)	54 ± 9	55 ± 10	0.58
Follow-up echocardiography
Time after implantation (days)	215 ± 61	206 ± 47	0.24
LVEF (%)	28 ± 11	33 ± 12	0.002
LV end-diastolic diameter (mm)	59 ± 8	60 ± 11	0.98
LV end-systolic diameter (mm)	51 ± 9	50 ± 12	0.68
QRS duration at implantation (ms)	159 ± 28	161 ± 29	0.39
QRS duration > 150 ms	102 (63%)	153 (61%)	0.76
Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	1.6 ± 0.6	1.5 ± 0.7	0.19
NYHA class at presentation	3.1 ± 0.4	3.0 ± 0.4	0.17
Class IV at presentation	15 (12%)	22 (10%)	0.72
NYHA class at 6 mo	2.5 ± 0.8	2.2 ± 0.8	0.002
Class IV at 6 mo	10 (9%)	8 (5%)	0.14

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or as number (percentage).

LV = left ventricular.