FIGURE 1—

Replication results, mortality ratios by cross-sectional age groups, estimates, and 95% confidence intervals among (a) women and (b) men: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994.

Note. BMI = body mass index. Estimates were based on Cox models. Covariates were educational achievement, race/ethnicity, poverty-to-income ratio, marital status, smoking, weight loss, and lung diseases. The analysis excluded underweight participants (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²) and participants younger than 36 years at baseline. Sample weights were used. The reference category was normal weight (BMI = 18.5 – < 25 kg/m²).

Source. Data were drawn from the 1988–1994 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, with mortality through December 2006.¹⁹