TABLE 2—
Intercorrelations of Measures of Physicians’ Implicit Racial Bias and Treatment Recommendations, by Patient’s Race: University of Washington Physician Survey 2005, September-October 2005.
| Treatment Recommendations | Race IAT (n = 43) | Race–Medical Compliance IAT (n = 88) | Race–Quality of Care IAT (n = 45) |
| African American Patients | |||
| Pain | |||
| Give oxycodonea | –0.38* | –0.11 | 0.04 |
| Give ibuprofen | 0.22 | 0.23 | –0.30 |
| Urinary tract infection | |||
| Treat as outpatienta | –0.15 | 0.04 | –0.07 |
| Treat as inpatient | 0.27 | 0.20 | –0.24 |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | |||
| IEP + long-acting Ritalina | 0.49 | 0.04 | –0.21 |
| Behavioral intervention + short-acting Ritalin | 0.27 | –0.18 | 0.03 |
| Behavioral intervention + IEP | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.32 |
| Asthma | |||
| Refer to pulmonary clinica | –0.10 | 0.16 | 0.43 |
| Refer back to primary care physician | 0.43 | 0.01 | –0.17 |
| White Patients | |||
| Pain | |||
| Give oxycodonea | 0.47 | 0.37* | 0.67** |
| Give ibuprofen | 0.61* | 0.08 | –0.31 |
| Urinary tract infection | |||
| Treat as outpatienta | –0.12 | –0.14 | –0.06 |
| Treat as inpatient | –0.12 | 0.07 | 0.49 |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | |||
| IEP + long-acting Ritalina | –0.38 | 0.11 | –0.14 |
| Behavioral intervention + short-acting Ritalin | 0.27 | 0.08 | 0.11 |
| Behavioral intervention + IEP | 0.01 | –0.01 | 0.03 |
| Asthma | |||
| Refer to pulmonary clinica | –0.04 | –0.09 | –0.09 |
| Refer back to primary care physician | 0.31 | –0.11 | 0.19 |
Note. IAT = Implicit Association Test; IEP = individual education program. Intercorrelations are Pearson correlation coefficients. The numbers of patients by race and treatment recommendation are as follows. For African American patients, treatment for pain and urinary tract infection, n = 27 for Race IAT, n = 57 for Race–Medical Compliance IAT, n = 30 for Race–Quality of Care IAT; treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and asthma, n = 15 for Race IAT, n = 30 for Race–Medical Compliance IAT, n = 15 for Race–Quality of Care IAT. For White patients, treatment for pain and urinary tract infection, n = 15 for Race IAT, n = 30 for Race–Medical Compliance IAT, n = 15 for Race–Quality of Care IAT; treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and asthma, n = 27 for Race IAT, n = 56 for Race–Medical Compliance IAT, n = 29 for Race–Quality of Care IAT.
The recommended ideal treatment.
*P = .05; **P = .01.