TABLE 4—

Elasticities of Neighborhood-Level Covariates for Crashes on Road Segments and at Intersections: New York City, 1996–2006

Neighborhood-Level Covariate	Covariate Value	Total Crashes	Vehicle Crashes	Pedestrian Crashes	Bicycle Crashes	Injurious or Fatal Crashes
Crashes on segments
Daytime population densitya		0.284	0.236	0.738	0.331	0.316
Average	52.517
25th percentile	22.498
50th percentile	38.437
75th percentile	57.924
Retail density
Average	5.762	0.069	0.063			0.040
25th percentile	1.185	0.014	0.013			0.008
50th percentile	3.213	0.039	0.035			0.022
75th percentile	6.202	0.074	0.068			0.043
Bus stop density
Average	83.892	0.159	0.143	0.101	0.025	0.168
25th percentile	47.143	0.090	0.080	0.057	0.014	0.094
50th percentile	80.386	0.153	0.137	0.096	0.024	0.161
75th percentile	115.028	0.219	0.196	0.138	0.035	0.230
Average subway ridership	2.698			0.027	0.019
Average road bicycle trip density	3.261			0.026	0.062
Crashes at intersections
Daytime population densitya		0.232	0.134	0.474	0.210	0.201
Average	61.478
25th percentile	28.843
50th percentile	44.831
75th percentile	68.167
Percentage below poverty level
Average	0.267		0.116	0.144	0.124	0.175
25th percentile	0.122		0.053	0.066	0.057	0.080
50th percentile	0.244		0.106	0.131	0.114	0.160
75th percentile	0.382		0.166	0.205	0.177	0.250
Retail density
Average	7.684				0.008
25th percentile	1.921				0.002
50th percentile	4.281				0.004
75th percentile	8.368				0.008
Bus stop density
Average	97.062	0.165	0.116	0.223	0.233	0.175
25th percentile	60.533	0.103	0.073	0.139	0.145	0.109
50th percentile	91.771	0.156	0.110	0.211	0.220	0.165
75th percentile	127.898	0.217	0.153	0.294	0.307	0.230
Average road bicycle trip density	4.395			0.040	0.088

^aIndependent of the value of this variable based on the model specification. Empty cells for some covariates indicate that the covariate is not in the model for the specific crash type.