TABLE 4—
Overweight and Obesity Rates by Race and Urbanicity: South African National Youth Risk Behaviour Survey, 2002 and 2008
| 2002 |
2008 |
|||||
| Race/Ethnicity by Urbanicity | Adolescent Boys (n = 4184), % (SE) | Adolescent Girls (n = 5338), % (SE) | Total (n = 9522),% (SE) | Adolescent Boys (n = 4561), % (SE) | Adolescent Girls (n = 4810), % (SE) | Total (n = 9371), % (SE) |
| Overweight | ||||||
| Black | ||||||
| Urban | 5.5 (0.7) | 27.1 (1.6) | 18.0 (1.1) | 11.6 (1.4) | 32.0 (2.0) | 21.9 (1.6) |
| Rural | 4.3 (0.7) | 23.8* (3.4) | 15.1** (2.0) | 6.7** (1.2) | 28.5* (2.1) | 18.2** (1.7) |
| Coloreda | ||||||
| Urban | 7.5 (1.1) | 19.4 (1.2) | 13.7 (0.8) | 14.4 (2.9) | 26.4 (2.8) | 20.5 (2.0) |
| Rural | 9.9 (6.3) | 8.4 (3.8)* | 9.1 (3.6) | 6.6 (1.9) | 11.8** (3.2) | 9.4** (2.1) |
| White | ||||||
| Urban | 18.4 (2.8) | 23.9 (2.8) | 21.3 (2.0) | 30.1 (5.4) | 27.8 (3.3) | 28.9 (3.4) |
| Rural | 28.7 (12.9) | 34.9 (6.6) | 32.5 (6.5) | 10.2 (3.0) | 26.1 (4.7) | 18.0 (3.0) |
| Total | ||||||
| Urban | 8.1 (0.9) | 25.5 (1.3) | 17.9 (0.9) | 14.2 (1.7) | 30.7 (1.6) | 22.5 (1.4) |
| Rural | 4.9 (0.9) | 23.4* (3.3) | 15.2** (1.9) | 7.1** (1.1) | 27.1* (2.2) | 17.6** (1.7) |
| Obesity | ||||||
| Black | ||||||
| Urban | 1.9 (0.5) | 7.5 (0.9) | 5.2 (0.6) | 4.0 (1.6) | 10.5 (2.0) | 7.3 (1.8) |
| Rural | 0.8** (0.3) | 3.5** (0.7) | 2.3** (0.4) | 1.0** (0.3) | 5.0** (0.7) | 3.2** (0.4) |
| Coloreda | ||||||
| Urban | 3.1 (1.4) | 3.9 (1.0) | 3.5 (0.9) | 3.4 (0.7) | 8.5 (1.6) | 5.8 (1.0) |
| Rural | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.8 (1.7) | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.1 (0.8) | 1.8* (0.7) | 1.5* (0.6) |
| White | ||||||
| Urban | 2.8 (1.4) | 6.4 (1.9) | 4.7 (1.6) | 11.6 (2.9) | 12.0 (1.6) | 12.1 (1.9) |
| Rural | 14.8** (7.9) | 10.9 (2.7) | 12.4* (3.4) | 0.3 (0.3) | 3.1 (1.1) | 1.6* (0.5) |
| Total | ||||||
| Urban | 2.3 (0.4) | 6.8 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.5) | 4.9 (1.5) | 10.1 (1.6) | 7.5 (1.5) |
| Rural | 1.0* (0.4) | 3.6** (0.6) | 2.5** (0.5) | 1.4** (0.6) | 4.8** (0.6) | 3.2** (0.4) |
Note. All analyses controlled for hierarchical data structure and for age, sex, and race where applicable (i.e., total columns and rows).
a
Mixed Black and White descent.
*P < .05; **P < .01 (rates significantly different in 2002 and 2008).