. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Aging Health. 2012 Sep 14;24(8):1320–1345. doi: 10.1177/0898264312459345

Table 2.

Cox Proportional Hazard Ratios of Progressive and Accelerated Disability Onset and Death, by Race/Ethnicity, Education, and Age (Risk Group: N=8,078)^a,^b

	Developed Progressive Disability^c			Developed Accelerated Disability^c			Died^c

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Race/Ethnicity:
White (ref.)
Black	1.86^***		1.60^***	1.93^***		1.49	1.56^***		1.33^**
Other Race	1.06		1.10	2.21		2.13	0.69		0.68
Hispanic	1.89^***		1.48^***	1.92^*		1.25	0.97		0.74
Education:
Less than High School		1.76^***	1.60^***		2.92^***	2.72^***		1.85^***	1.84^***
High School/GED (ref)
More than High School		0.69^***	0.70^***		1.03	1.02		0.91	0.92
Age	1.02	1.01	1.01	1.08^***	1.07^**	1.07^**	1.10^***	1.08^***	1.08^***
Observational Intervals:
Interval 1 (ref.)
Interval 2	0.78^*	0.78^*	0.78^*	0.64	0.65	0.65	1.15	1.16	1.16
Interval 3	0.67^***	0.67^***	0.68^***	0.96	0.99	0.99	0.74^*	0.75^*	0.75^*
Interval 4	0.56^***	0.56^***	0.57^***	0.77	0.79	0.79	1.03	1.05	1.05
Interval 5	0.62^***	0.63^***	0.64^***	1.15	1.18	1.19	1.27	1.30^*	1.31^*
Interval 6	0.65^***	0.66^***	0.67^***	2.33^***	2.43^***	2.46^***	2.04^***	2.10^***	2.11^***
Intercept	−3.97^***	−3.53^***	−3.67^***	−10.17 ^***	−9.80^***	−9.95^***	−8.57^***	−8.43^***	−8.38^***
Likelihood Ratio	324.00^***	406.68^***	458.51^***	324.00^***	406.68^***	458.51^***	324.00^***	406.68^***	458.51^***
Degrees of Freedom	9	8	11	9	8	11	9	8	11

Source: RAND Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Data (1994–2010)

Notes:

Risk group = no severe disability;

N=24,444.25 weighted person-intervals;

Compared to persons who did not develop progressive or accelerated disability;

0.05 ≤p < 0.01;

^**

0.01 ≤p < 0.001;

^***

p ≤0.001