Table 1.
General characteristics of included studies
| Observational studies | Clinical trials | Total studies included (no. 51) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross-sectional studies (no. 9) | Longitudinal studies (no. 12) | Case–control studies (no. 2) | Controlled trials (no. 5) | Randomized trials (no. 23) | ||
| Total sample size | 5,155 | 7,147 | 471 | 1,051 | 7,004 | 20,852 |
| Mean ± SD | 572.8 ± 841.1 | 595.6 ± 1,526.8 | 235.5 ± 191.6 | 210.2 ± 350.4 | 304.5 ± 358.1 | 401.0 ± 839.7 |
| Min.–max. | 28–2,245 | 20–5,471 | 100–371 | 20–835 | 12–1,506 | 12–5,471 |
| Females (%) | 82.2 | 80.7 | 84.7 | 86.1 | 77.5 | 80.2 |
| Mean age (years) | 41.1 | 41.2 | 36.9 | 39.6 | 39.9 | 40.6 |
| Mean disease duration | 13.6 | 12.1 | 18.9 | – | 18.2 | 13.0 |
| Diagnosis | ||||||
| Migraine with aura (%) | 4 | 5.1 | 14 | 29.6 | 26.2 | 9.8 |
| Migraine without aura (%) | 96 | 94.9 | 86 | 70.4 | 73.8 | 90.2 |
| Overall quality (mean ± SD) | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 3 ± 0 | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.7 |
Percentages, mean age, mean disease duration were calculated in reference to the number of patients enrolled for each study type