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. 2012 Sep 13;6:293. doi: 10.1186/1752-1947-6-293

Table 1.

Management of hydatid cysts of the breast

   
Clinical findings
→Mammary nodule
 
→Other symptoms: pain, nipple discharge, fever
Differential diagnosis
→Cyst
 
→Fibroadenoma
 
→Phyllodes tumor
 
→Circumscribed carcinoma
Diagnostic methods
→Mammography
 
→Ultrasonography
 
→Anti-echinococcus serum immunoglobulin E
 
→Fine-needle aspiration cytology
Sonographic classification [5]
→Type 1: pure fluid collection
 
→Type 2: fluid collection with a split wall
 
→Type 3: fluid collection with septa
 
→Type 4: heterogeneous echo patterns
 
→Type 5: reflecting thick walls
 
→“congealed water sign” [6]
Fine-needle aspiration cytology findings
→Hooklets, laminated membrane and scolices
Therapeutic options
→Cystectomy
  →Observation (in older patients or in high surgical risk)