Table 2. Comparison of baseline and echocardiographic characteristics among 4 study groups.
| Characteristics | Group 1 (n = 737) | Group 2 (n = 199) | Group 3 (n = 110) | Group 4 (n = 64) |
| Age (year) | 59.0±13.2 | 65.4±13.1* | 63.4±15.1* | 70.3±12.5* # |
| Male gender (%) | 57.3 | 55.3 | 72.7* † | 53.1 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 22.8 | 40.2* | 27.3 | 70.3* † # |
| Hypertension (%) | 66.5 | 78.9 | 76.1 | 92.2* |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 17.6 | 19.2 | 38.2* † | 15.6# |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 96.5±13.2 | 100.4±16.3* | 95.1±13.9† | 98.2±14.2 |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 56.1±13.2 | 64.1±16.3* | 59.4±15.1† | 68.8±14.3* # |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.2±3.9 | 25.4±3.8 | 26.3±4.1 | 26.5±5.3 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.18±0.37 | 3.90±0.50* | 4.07±0.53 | 3.79±0.49* # |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 111.7±37.7 | 119.0±50.4 | 116.0±46.1 | 128.8±43.3* |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 122.5 (84.75–183) | 125.5 (90–189.75) | 138 (84.5–210.5) | 116.5 (87.25–169) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 194.9±44.1 | 180.4±42.5* | 188.0±43.0 | 186.9±39.6 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 42.0±4.3 | 35.8±6.1* | 40.5±5.7* † | 34.1±5.5* # |
| Baseline eGFR(mL/min/1.73 m2) | 66.3±13.3 | 29.0±12.7* | 63.4±12.5† | 25.9±12.3* # |
| Medications | ||||
| ACEI and/or ARB use (%) | 54.1 | 61.8 | 57.3 | 71.9* |
| β–blocker use (%) | 42.4 | 48.7 | 45.5 | 35.9 |
| Calcium channel blocker use (%) | 31.0 | 48.2* | 40.9 | 60.9* # |
| Diuretic use (%) | 24.7 | 36.4* | 26.4 | 56.3* † # |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| Observed/predicted LVM (%) | 147.3±43.6 | 162.1±58.3* | 159.2±46.5 | 182.7±52.8* † # |
| Inappropriate LVM (%) | 64.7 | 70.4 | 78.2* | 87.5* |
| LVEF (%) | 62.3±13.6 | 58.8±16.2* | 59.2±15.1 | 60.0±15.6 |
| Relative wall thickness | 0.38±0.09 | 0.38±0.09 | 0.37±0.10 | 0.41±0.10# |
| E-wave deceleration time (ms) | 198.0±59.9 | 215.9±79.9* | 224.1±76.8* | 216.1±74.6 |
| E/A | 1.02±0.53 | 0.94±0.51 | 0.97±0.45 | 1.06±0.56 |
Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were made up of patients with eGFR ≥45 ml/min/1.73 m2 without PAD, eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 without PAD, eGFR ≥45 ml/min/1.73 m2 with PAD and eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 with PAD, respectively. Abbreviations are the same as in Table 1.
*
P<0.05 compared with group 1;
†
P<0.05 compared with group 2;
#
P<0.05 compared with group 3.