Figure 2. G proteins and the RIC8 GEF are required for normal conidiation and conidial germination.

Conidia were harvested as described in the Materials and Methods. An aliquot containing 8×10⁶ conidia was spread on a 100 mm 10 ml VM solid medium plate and spore germination monitored at 30°C over time. DIC (differential interference contrast) micrograph images were obtained using an Olympus IX71 microscope with a QIClick digital CCD camera and analyzed using Metamorph software. Scale bar = 5 µm. Strains are wild type (74-OR23-IVA), Δgna-1 (3B10), Δgna-2 (FGSC 12378), Δgna-3 (31c2), Δric8 (r81-5a), Δgna-1, Δgna-3 (g1.3), Δgna-1, Δgna-2, Δgna-3 (noa), Δric8, gna-1 ^Q204L (R81*), Δric8, gna-2 ^Q205L (R82*), Δric8, gna-3 ^Q208L (R83*). Arrowheads indicate arthroconidia.