Table 3.

General factors affecting healing in chronic DFU >6 months

	Healed No. (%)	Not healed No. (%)	p
Mean age ± SD (years)	54.8±10.4	58.5±8.3	0.053
Male: female ratio	3	3.3	0.871
Mean duration of ulcer ± SD (months)	18.5±12.4	28.9±21.2	0.002*
Smoking	13 (35)	24 (65)	0.000*
HbA1c
< 7%	33 (86)	5 (14)	0.000*
>7%	32 (46)	38 (54)	0.000*
Limb perfusion
Grade 1	37 (80)	9 (20)	0.001*
Grade 2	27 (47)	31 (53)	0.001*
Grade 3	1 (25)	3 (75)	0.001*
Type of ulcer
Neuropathic	30 (79)	10 (21)	0.002*
Neuroschemic	28 (41)	40 (59)	0.002*
Alcohol consumption	10 (76)	3 (24)	0.189
Duration of DM>20years	29 (58)	21 (42)	0.445
Type of DM
Type 1	10 (71)	4 (29)	0 .357
Type 2	55 (58)	39 (42)	0.357
Glycemic control
Insulin	60 (64)	36 (36)	0.226
OHD	3 (33)	6 (67)	0.226
Diet	1 (33)	2 (67)	0.226
Associated comorbidities
Hypertension	18 (72)	7 (28)	0.169
IHD	3 (75)	1 (25)	0.537
Renal disease	2 (33)	4 (67)	0.167
Eye impairment	42 (61)	27 (39)	0.874

^*p <0.05.

HbA1C = Glycated hemoglobin A1C, DM = diabetes mellitus, OHD = oral hypoglycemic drugs, IHD = ischemic heart disease