Table 2.
Summary of results of the most important clinical trials conducted in advanced thyroid carcinoma.
| Drug | Target | Type of study (ref) | Histology | No. of patients | PR (%) | SD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunitinib | VEGFR 1-2 PDGF, RET, |
Phase II [37] | DTC | 31 | 13% | 68% |
| c-KIT, FLT3 | Phase II [39] | DTC (29), MTC (6) | 35 | 31% | 46% | |
|
| ||||||
| Phase II [41] | DTC | 30 | 23% | 68% | ||
| Phase II [42] | DTC | 41 | 15% | 56% | ||
| Sorafenib | VEGFR 1-2 PDGF, RET RAF MAPK |
Phase II [43] | MTC (15)/DTC (19) | 34 | 15% |
74% |
| Phase II [44] | DTC | 32 | 25% | 34% | ||
| Phase II [45] | MTC | 15 | 6% | 62% |
||
|
| ||||||
| Phase II [47] | MTC |
30 |
21% |
53% |
||
| Vandetanib | VEGFR 1-2 EGFR, RET |
Phase II [48] | MTC |
19 |
16% | 53% |
| Phase III [49] | MTC | 231 | 44% | 20% |
||
|
| ||||||
| Motesanib | VEGFR 1-2-3 EGFR, RET |
Phase II [50] | MTC | 91 | 2% | 48% |
|
| ||||||
| Axitinib | VEGF | Phase II [53] | MTC (11)/DTC (45)Other (4) | 60 | 30% | 38% |
|
| ||||||
| XL 184 | VEGF, MET, RET, c-KIT, FLT3 | Phase I [54] | MTC | 37 | 29% | 41% |
|
| ||||||
| Pazopanib | VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-c-Kit | Phase II [55] | DTC | 37 | 49% | |
|
| ||||||
| Lenvatinib | VEGFR1-3, FGFR1-4, RET, KIT PDGFRβ | Phase II [58] | DTC | 58 | 50% | |