Table 2.
Associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and all-cause mortality over 8.5 yr of follow-up: the Health ABC study
| Serum 25(OH)D |
P for trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <10 ng/ml | 10 to <20 ng/ml | 20 to <30 ng/ml | ≥30 ng/ml | ||
| Total sample (n = 2638) | |||||
| n | 108 | 750 | 931 | 849 | |
| Deaths (deaths per 100 P-Y) | 44 (6.19) | 241 (4.68) | 229 (3.45) | 177 (2.84) | |
| HR (95% CI), base modela | 2.39 (1.68–3.40) | 1.55 (1.25–1.91) | 1.19 (0.98–1.45) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| HR (95% CI), full modelb | 2.27 (1.59–3.24) | 1.48 (1.20–1.84) | 1.25 (1.02–1.52) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| HR (95% CI), full model with PTH | 1.91 (1.32–2.77) | 1.42 (1.14–1.77) | 1.24 (1.01–1.52) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| Whites (n = 1615) | |||||
| n | 25 | 279 | 620 | 691 | |
| Deaths (deaths per 100 P-Y) | 10 (5.91) | 82 (4.26) | 138 (3.08) | 143 (2.81) | |
| HR (95% CI), base modela | 2.64 (1.38–5.06) | 1.54 (1.17–2.04) | 1.06 (0.84–1.34) | 1.00 | 0.001 |
| HR (95% CI), full modelb | 2.02 (1.02–3.99) | 1.54 (1.16–2.06) | 1.22 (0.96–1.55) | 1.00 | 0.001 |
| Blacks (n = 1023) | |||||
| n | 83 | 471 | 311 | 158 | |
| Deaths (deaths per 100 P-Y) | 34 (6.28) | 159 (4.94) | 91 (4.22) | 34 (2.94) | |
| HR (95% CI), base modela | 2.67 (1.64–4.34) | 1.74 (1.20–2.53) | 1.55 (1.04–2.30) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
| HR (95% CI), full modelb | 2.59 (1.57–4.26) | 1.76 (1.20–2.57) | 1.60 (1.07–2.39) | 1.00 | <0.001 |
P-Y, Person-years.
Hazard rate ratio and 95% confidence interval from model adjusted for age, gender, race (for total sample only), education (less than high school, high school or more), season, and field center.
Hazard rate ratio and 95% confidence interval from model adjusted for age, gender, race (for total sample only), education (less than high school, high school or more), season, field center, smoking status (current, former, never), pack-years, alcohol consumption (none in past year, seven or fewer drinks per week, more than one drink per day), BMI, time walking (0, 1–149, or 150+ min/wk), usual 20-m walking speed, estimated glomerular filtration rate, cognition (3MS score), depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥16), IL-6 (picograms per milliliter), cholesterol (milligrams per deciliter), and prevalent diabetes, hypertension, CVD, cancer, or lung disease.