Table 2.
Mean (SD) IQ, Reading Achievement, and Weeks Between Testing Waves by Reader/Intervention and Passage Protocol Group
| Measure | Typical
|
Struggling
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Intervention
|
Intervention
|
|||||
| Familiar | Novel | Familiar | Novel | Familiar | Novel | |
| KBIT Verbal (pretest) | 10.4 (2.2) | 10.4 (2.5) | 7.6 (2.6) | 7.8 (2.6) | 7.6 (2.6) | 7.8 (2.4) |
| TOWRE (pretest) | 104.6 (13.2) | 105.3 (13.5) | 90.2 (15.7) | 94.0 (15.0) | 92.6 (14.0) | 93.3 (14.0) |
| TOWRE (posttest) | 106.3 (13.2) | 106.8 (14.1) | 91.3 (15.6) | 94.2 (14.2) | 93.6 (14.8) | 95.7 (14.7) |
| WJPC (pretest) | 99.2 (9.8) | 99.7 (9.4) | 85.5 (11.9) | 88.3 (10.3) | 85.9 (10.8) | 87.3 (10.2) |
| WJPC (posttest) | 101.0 (10.4) | 101.9 (10.0) | 86.6 (12.8) | 88.5 (10.2) | 88.0 (10.7) | 88.8 (9.7) |
| GRADE (pretest) | 102.4 (11.6) | 102.5 (12.2) | 87.8 (10.8) | 88.2 (9.9) | 88.4 (9.5) | 88.4 (10.0) |
| GRADE (posttest) | 101.7 (12.8) | 103.1 (12.9) | 87.4 (9.2) | 88.1 (9.4) | 87.3 (9.2) | 89.1 (10.0) |
| AIMS (W1) | 23.3 (8.8) | 23.8 (9.4) | 13.0 (8.8) | 14.7 (8.5) | 13.8 (8.2) | 14.6 (8.3) |
| AIMS (W2) | 27.5 (9.8) | 24.7 (9.5) | 15.7 (10.3) | 15.9 (9.3) | 15.7 (8.3) | 15.4 (8.4) |
| AIMS (W3) | 30.9 (11.4) | 27 (10.2) | 17.3 (11.0) | 17.6 (8.6) | 18.1 (10.3) | 16.1 (8.7) |
| AIMS (W4) | 35.4 (12.1) | 29 (10.9) | 19.7 (12.0) | 17.8 (10.0) | 21.2 (11.5) | 17.9 (9.5) |
| AIMS (W5) | 37.9 (12.0) | 29.9 (11.4) | 21.8 (14.1) | 19.8 (10.2) | 24.4 (12.0) | 18.4 (10.8) |
| AIMS (W1–W5 gain) | 14.5 (7.3) | 6.1 (8.8) | 8.8 (9.0) | 5.2 (8.9) | 10.6 (8.3) | 3.7 (9.3) |
| Weeks (W1–W2) | 7.2 (1.7) | 7.1 (1.7) | 7.1 (1.7) | 6.9 (1.5) | 8.4 (2.1) | 8.5 (2.2) |
| Weeks (W2–W3) | 8.4 (0.4) | 8.4 (0.5) | 8.5 (0.4) | 8.5 (0.4) | 8.4 (0.4) | 8.4 (0.4) |
| Weeks (W3 to W4) | 6.4 (1.6) | 6.5 (1.5) | 6.5 (1.5) | 6.3 (1.6) | 6.5 (1.6) | 6.5 (1.6) |
| Weeks (W4–W5) | 6.8 (1.8) | 6.7 (1.7) | 6.7 (1.8) | 6.9 (1.9) | 6.6 (2.0) | 6.5 (2.0) |
| Weeks (W1–W5) | 28.8 (1.5) | 28.8 (1.6) | 28.8 (1.6) | 28.7 (1.4) | 29.9 (2.2) | 30.0 (2.3) |
| AIMS gain per week | 0.51 (0.26) | 0.21 (0.31) | 0.31 (0.31) | 0.18 (0.32) | 0.36 (0.28) | 0.12 (0.31) |
Note. KBIT Verbal = The Verbal Knowledge subtest of the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test–2 (Kaufman & Kaufman, 2004); TOWRE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency (Torgesen, Wagner, & Raschote, 1999); WJPC = Woodcock-Johnson III Passage Comprehension (Woodcock, McGrew, & Mather, 2001); GRADE = Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Evaluation Passage Comprehension (Williams, 2002); AIMS = AIMSweb Maze CBM Reading Comprehension (AIMS, Shinn & Shinn, 2002); W1–W5 = Wave 1–Wave 5. AIMS means are Raw Scores. All other IQ and reading means are Standard Scores. Weeks = 7 days/week. October 10, the median time point of testing during the first wave, was the reference for calculating each individual student’s week of testing for each wave. For example, a student tested on the following days: 9/21, 11/28, 1/29, 3/22, and 4/24 was tested at the following weeks: −2.7, 7.0, 15.9, 23.3, 28.0. AIMS Gain per Week = AIMS (W1–W5 gain)/Weeks (W1–W5).