Sensitivity and specificity of PCR for the detection of proven or probable IPA. The reference standard (RStype) was classified as the 2002 or 2008 EORTC/MSG criteria (3, 11) or as nonadherent to both definitions. Antimold treatment at the time of bronchoscopy (Antimold tx) was classified as >50% of patients or less than 50% or not stated (NS). Studies are sorted by reference standard type and PCR method. Values in brackets for sensitivity and specificity are 95% CIs. TP, true positive; FP, false positive; FN, false negative; TN, true negative.