Fig 1.

Dietary intervention with scGOS/lcFOS/pAOS (GFA) increases RSV-specific CD4⁺ T cell-mediated IFN-γ production during primary RSV infection. (A) Mice received prebiotic or control diet starting 6 weeks before intranasal infection with RSV and were sacrificed at the indicated time points. (B) Cell composition of BAL fluid (BALF); the graph on the left shows total cell numbers, and that on the right indicates cell type as a percentage of total BAL cells. (C) Percentage of cytokine-producing CD4⁺ T cells (upper left, IFN-γ-producing CD4⁺ T cells; bottom, IL-4⁺, IL-5⁺, and IL-13⁺ CD4⁺ T cells as a fraction of total CD4⁺ T cells) and absolute numbers of IFN-γ⁺ CD4⁺ T cell numbers (upper right) measured after in vitro restimulation of lung cell suspensions with unloaded (D1) or RSV-loaded (D1+RSV) myeloid dendritic cells. Data shown represent the means ± SEM from 2 individual experiments performed with similar results, n = 8/group.