Table 1.
Comparison of subgroup A and each of the other three subgroupsa
| Variable | No. (%) of subjects |
P |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subgroup A (n = 83) | Subgroup B (n = 24) | Subgroup C (n = 40) | Subgroup D (n = 47) | Subgroup B vs A | Subgroup C vs A | Subgroup D vs A | |
| Female | 21 (25) | 8 (33) | 8 (20) | 13 (28) | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.769 |
| Age >44 yearsb | 41 (49) | 10 (42) | 22 (55) | 29 (62) | 0.50 | 0.56 | 0.176 |
| Non-Chinese | 9 (11) | 2 (8) | 5 (13) | 3 (6) | 1.00 | 0.77 | 0.534 |
| Nonpermanent resident | 17 (20) | 6 (25) | 8 (20) | 4 (9) | 0.85 | 1.00 | 0.125 |
| Ever a smoker | 50 (63) | 13 (57) | 26 (67) | 28 (64) | 0.78 | 0.66 | 0.900 |
| Adverse social factorsc | 23 (28) | 10 (42) | 15 (38) | 12 (26) | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.788 |
| Comorbidityd | 43 (52) | 9 (38) | 19 (48) | 23 (49) | 0.22 | 0.65 | 0.753 |
| Second-line drug naïve and <1 mo of first-line drugs | 40 (48) | 10 (42) | 22 (55) | 21 (45) | 0.57 | 0.48 | 0.700 |
| Positive initial sputum smear | 59 (71) | 20 (83) | 28 (72) | 38 (81) | 0.35 | 0.94 | 0.219 |
| Disease on initial chest radiograph more than RUL/equivalent | 35 (43) | 13 (54) | 18 (46) | 20 (43) | 0.32 | 0.72 | 0.989 |
| Cavitation on initial chest radiograph | 42 (51) | 15 (63) | 20 (50) | 24 (51) | 0.30 | 0.95 | 0.960 |
| >50% treatment supervised by trained personnel | 64 (78) | 19 (79) | 31 (79) | 39 (83) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.657 |
| Use of: | |||||||
| SLIDs | 47 (57) | 16 (67) | 31 (78) | 31 (66) | 0.52 | 0.02 | 0.297 |
| Thioamide | 73 (88) | 19 (79) | 35 (88) | 37 (79) | 0.32 | 1.00 | 0.251 |
| Pyrazinamide | 83 (100) | 24 (100) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0) | NA | <0.001e | <0.001e |
| Streptomycin | 18 (22) | 5 (21) | 7 (18) | 7 (15) | 1.00 | 0.76 | 0.476 |
| Ethambutol | 53 (64) | 13 (54) | 24 (60) | 16 (34) | 0.53 | 0.68 | 0.001e |
| Cycloserine | 27 (33) | 15 (63) | 36 (90) | 39 (83) | 0.02e | <0.001e | <0.001e |
| PAS | 23 (28) | 9 (38) | 26 (65) | 37 (79) | 0.50 | <0.001e | <0.001e |
| Linezolid | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 2 (4) | 1.00 | 0.55 | 0.30 |
| Hepatotoxicity complicating TB treatment | 14 (17) | 1 (4) | 8 (20) | 5 (11) | 0.18 | 0.86 | 0.48 |
| Use of <4 drugs with activity in vitro | 13 (16) | 10 (42) | 7 (18) | 26 (55) | 0.01e | 1.00 | <0.001e |
| Susceptible to: | |||||||
| Ofloxacin | 77 (93) | 17 (71) | 34 (85) | 31 (66) | 0.01e | 0.20 | <0.001e |
| SLIDs | 78 (95) | 19 (79) | 37 (93) | 37 (79) | 0.03e | 0.68 | 0.010e |
| Ethionamide | 78 (94) | 19 (79) | 37 (93) | 36 (77) | 0.04e | 0.71 | 0.01e |
| Pyrazinamide | 83 (100) | 0 (0) | 40 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.001e | NA | <0.001e |
| Streptomycin | 26 (31) | 7 (29) | 12 (30) | 10 (21) | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.22 |
| Ethambutol | 56 (67) | 12 (50) | 28 (70) | 18 (38) | 0.19 | 0.78 | 0.001e |
| Cycloserine | 81 (99) | 21 (88) | 40 (100) | 43 (91) | 0.04e | 1.00 | 0.06 |
| Treatment success | 59 (71) | 11 (46) | 28 (70) | 31 (66) | 0.04e | 0.90 | 0.54 |
| Early sputum culture conversion | 61 (79) | 9 (53) | 27 (77) | 26 (62) | 0.03e | 1.00 | 0.04e |
Less than 5% of the data were missing, except for smoking status among subgroup C (6.4% of data on smoking status were missing). Unless otherwise specified, use of drugs refers to use for >1 month. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable; PAS, para-aminosalicylic acid; RUL, right upper lobe; SLIDs, second-line injectable drugs; TB, tuberculosis.
The median age of the cohort of 194 patients was 45 years.
Adverse social factors refer to financial difficulty that meets social security criteria, history of imprisonment, or history of drug addiction.
Comorbidity refers to diabetes mellitus, renal impairment, lung cancer, other malignancy, obstructive/restrictive lung disease, use of cytotoxic or steroids, liver disease, or HIV infection. The prevalence of HIV infection was less than 1%.
P < 0.05.