Table 4.

Univariate analysis of factors that may confound the association between treatment success and pyrazinamide use with susceptibility^a

Factor	Total no. of subjects for row	Z use with susceptibility			Treatment success
		No. (%) of subjects	RR	P	No. (%) of subjects	RR	P
Sex
Male	144	62 (43)	0.98	0.90	96 (67)	0.99	0.93
Female	50	21 (42)			33 (66)
Age group (yr)b
≤44	92	42 (46)	0.88	0.44	60 (65)	1.04	0.72
>44	102	41 (40)			69 (68)
Ethnicity
Chinese	174	73 (42)	1.13	0.83	122 (70)	0.45	0.002
Others	19	9 (47)			6 (32)
Permanent resident
No	159	66 (42)	1.17	0.45	109 (69)	0.83	0.20
Yes	35	17 (49)			20 (57)
Ever a smoker
No	69	30 (43)	0.98	0.92	47 (68)	0.95	0.66
Yes	117	50 (43)			76 (65)
Adverse social factorc
No	134	60 (45)	0.86	0.40	95 (71)	0.80	0.05
Yes	60	23 (38)			34 (57)
Comorbidityd
No	100	40 (40)	1.14	0.42	64 (64)	1.08	0.45
Yes	94	43 (46)			65 (69)
Second-line drug naïve and <1 mo of first-line drugs
No	101	43 (43)	1.01	0.95	63 (62)	1.14	0.21
Yes	93	40 (43)			66 (71)
Initial sputum smear
Negative	48	24 (50)	0.81	0.26	29 (60)	1.13	0.32
Positive	145	59 (41)			99 (68)
Disease on initial chest radiograph more than RUL/equivalent
No	106	47 (44)	0.92	0.61	69 (65)	1.04	0.73
Yes	86	35 (41)			58 (67)
Cavitation on initial chest radiograph
No	93	41 (44)	0.94	0.73	58 (62)	1.13	0.24
Yes	101	42 (42)			71 (70)
>50% treatment supervised by trained personnel
No	39	18 (46)	0.91	0.63	23 (59)	1.17	0.22
Yes	153	64 (42)			106 (69)
Use of SLIDs
No	69	36 (52)	0.72	0.05	44 (64)	1.07	0.55
Yes	125	47 (38)			85 (68)
Use of thioamide
No	30	10 (33)	1.34	0.26	18 (60)	1.13	0.41
Yes	164	73 (45)			111 (68)
Use of streptomycin
No	157	65 (41)	1.18	0.42	102 (65)	1.12	0.35
Yes	37	18 (49)			27 (73)
Use of ethambutol
No	88	30 (34)	1.47	0.03	53 (60)	1.19	0.09
Yes	106	53 (50)			76 (72)
Use of cycloserine
No	77	56 (73)	0.32	<0.001	49 (64)	1.07	0.49
Yes	117	27 (23)			80 (68)
Use of PAS
No	99	60 (61)	0.40	<0.001	68 (69)	0.93	0.51
Yes	95	23 (24)			61 (64)
Use of linezolid
No	190	82 (43)	0.58	0.64	125 (66)	1.52	0.30
Yes	4	1 (25)			4 (100)
Hepatotoxicity complicating TB treatment
No	166	69 (42)	1.20	0.40	109 (66)	1.09	0.70
Yes	28	14 (50)			20 (71)
Use of <4 drugs with activity in vitro
No	138	70 (51)	0.46	<0.001	101 (73)	0.68	0.002
Yes	56	13 (23)			28 (50)
Susceptible to ofloxacin
No	35	6 (17)	2.82	0.001	19 (54)	1.27	0.09
Yes	159	77 (48)			110 (69)
Susceptible to SLIDs
No	22	4 (18)	2.51	0.03	13 (59)	1.14	0.60
Yes	171	78 (46)			115 (67)
Susceptible to ethionamide
No	24	5 (21)	2.20	0.02	15 (63)	1.07	0.83
Yes	170	78 (46)			114 (67)
Susceptible to streptomycin
No	139	57 (41)	1.15	0.43	92 (66)	1.02	0.89
Yes	55	26 (47)			37 (67)
Susceptible to ethambutol
No	80	27 (34)	1.46	0.03	50 (63)	1.11	0.32
Yes	114	56 (49)			79 (69)
Susceptible to cycloserine
No	8	1 (13)	3.50	0.14	6 (75)	0.88	0.72
Yes	185	81 (44)			122 (66)
Z use with susceptibility
Yes	83	NA	NA	NA	59 (71)	0.89	0.24
Others	111	NA			70 (63)

^aSee footnote a of Table 2 for explanations and definitions of abbreviations.

^bSee footnote b of Table 2.

^cSee footnote c of Table 2.

^dSee footnote d of Table 2.