FIGURE 3.

Effects of resveratrol on IL-1β-induced NF-κB and PI3K activation in human tenocytes. Human tenocytes in monolayer cultures were pretreated with different concentrations of resveratrol (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20 μm) for 4 h and then treated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for 30 min (A) or treated with 5 μm resveratrol for different times (0, 1, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h) and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for 30 min (B). In a different approach, untreated cells and cells pretreated with resveratrol (5 μm for 4 h) were exposed to various concentrations of IL-1β (0, 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 ng/ml) for 30 min (C) or were incubated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β for different times (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 min) (D). After completion of the experiments, whole cell lysates were prepared and analyzed by Western blotting with antibodies against phosphospecific-p65 and PI3K. Housekeeping protein β-actin served as a loading control in all experiments. Densitometric analyses were performed by setting control cultures as 1-fold.