Table 3.

GEE models testing associations between insomnia symptoms, health-related quality of life and activity limitations over 12 months after controlling for group status (pain vs. healthy), pain intensity, and depressive symptoms.

		Coefficient	95% CI	p-value
PedsQL, Total
Insomnia sx		−0.81	(−1.33, −0.29)	0.002
Pain group		−5.26	(−8.74, −1.78)	0.003
Pain intensity		−1.08	(−1.67, −0.49)	<0.001
Depressive sx		−0.86	(−1.01,−0.71)	<0.001
PedsQL, Psychosocial
Insomnia sx		−0.69	(−1.26, −0.12)	0.017
Pain group		2.03	(−1.48, 5.55)	0.257
Pain intensity		0.51	(−1.15, 0.13)	0.118
Depressive sx		−1.03	(−1.20, −0.86)	<0.001
PedsQL, Physical
Insomnia sx		−1.10	(−2.13, −0.08)	0.035
Pain group		−19.69	(−25.96, −13.43)	<0.001
Pain intensity		−2.15	(−3.22, −1.09)	<0.001
Depressive sx		−0.55	(−0.82, −0.28)	<0.001
Activity Limitations
Insomnia sx		0.58	(−0.11, 1.27)	0.098
Pain group		13.62	(9.90, 17.33)	<0.001
Pain intensity		2.03	(1.39, 2.68)	<0.001
Depressive sx		0.34	(0.18, 0.49)	<0.001