Table 1.
Published protocols for the induction of oviposition inXenopus
| Species | PMSG priming dose (FSH activity)* | hCG priming dose (LH activity)* | “Ovulatory” hCG (dose or source) on Day 1** | Oviposition*** | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Xenopus laevis |
|
|
Human pregnant urine |
Time not stated |
[2,10] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
90 IU |
Time not stated |
[11] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
100-200 IU (< 100 g bwt) |
+ 6–12 hrs |
[12] |
| 200–600 IU (> 100 g bwt) | |||||
|
X. laevis |
|
|
300 IU |
Time not stated |
[13] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
500 IU |
+ 8–10 hrs |
[14] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
500 IU |
Time not stated |
[15] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
500-700 IU |
Day 1 |
[16] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
750 IU |
+ 8–12 hrs |
[17] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
900 IU |
+ 8–10 hrs |
[18] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
1000 IU |
+ 10 hrs |
[19] |
|
X. laevis |
|
|
1000 IU |
+ 18 hrs |
[20] |
|
X. laevis |
|
50 IU, Day −14 to −5 (early ovulation if priming after day −5; priming effective up to 1 month) |
500-800 IU |
+ 9–14 hrs |
[21] |
|
X. laevis |
|
50-200 IU, Day 1 (−8 hrs) |
300-500 IU; Day 1 (0 hrs) |
+ 8 hrs |
[22] |
|
X. laevis |
40 IU, Day −4 to −3 |
|
250-500 IU |
+ 6–8 hrs |
[23] |
|
X. laevis |
50 IU, Day? |
|
700 IU |
Time not stated |
[24] |
|
X. laevis |
50 IU, Day −5 to −3 |
|
500 IU |
+ 12–14 hrs |
[25] |
|
X. laevis |
50 IU, Day −17 25 IU, Day −14 |
|
500 IU (hCG inducible over 14 days from second PMSG) |
+ 16–18 hrs |
[26] |
|
X. laevis |
100 IU, Day −1 |
|
500 IU |
Day 2, avg 68% |
[27] |
|
X. tropicalis |
|
20 IU, Day −2 |
100 IU |
Natural pairing |
[28] |
| X. tropicalis | 15 IU, Day −4 to −3 | 150 IU | + 4 hrs | [29] |
Protocols for the induction of oviposition of Xenopus (X. laevis and X. (Silurana) tropicalis) utilising hCG with, or without, priming with mammalian gonadotropins with FSH or LH activity. * Day of administration of priming dose of PMSG or hCG expressed as days before the main “ovulatory” hCG dose (expressed as negative values). ** Day of administration of “ovulatory” hCG dose expressed as Day 1 to facilitate comparison between studies listed in Tables 1 and 2; hCG administered as either reconstituted or synthetic hCG (dose in IU) or as direct injection of pregnant human urine (dose unknown) *** Time or day of oviposition (generally, hours after the main “ovulatory” dose of hCG on Day 1). Species names are from original papers, however, Xenopus tropicalis is now known as Silurana tropicalis.