Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| |
n(%) or mean (SD) |
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Cases (N = 229) | Controls (N = 357) | P-value |
| Sex (%) |
|
|
0.90 |
| Male |
88 (38.4) |
139 (38.9) |
|
| Female |
141 (61.6) |
218 (61.1) |
|
| Age, years |
68.4 (8.7) |
66.6 (8.5) |
0.02 |
| Onset age, years |
65.7 (8.8) |
|
|
| Region of residence (%) |
|
|
0.28 |
| Fukuoka |
86 (37.6) |
150 (42.0) |
|
| Kinki |
143 (62.5) |
207 (58.0) |
|
| Ever smoked (%) |
|
|
0.001 |
| No |
167 (72.9) |
212 (59.4) |
|
| Yes |
62 (27.1) |
145 (40.6) |
|
| Caffeine intake, mg/4184 kJ | 149.3 (110.8) | 194.0 (139.2) | < 0.0001 |