Table 2.
Subjects’ demographic and clinical characteristics
| Variables | Healthy controls (n = 47) | COPD patients (n = 47) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) † |
58.8 ± 4.6 |
61.3 ± 4.5 |
0.011* |
| Sex‡ |
|
|
1.000 |
| Males |
40 (85.1%) |
40 (85.1%) |
|
| Females |
7 (14.9%) |
7 (14.9%) |
|
| Smokers‡ |
24 (51.1%) |
24 (51.1%) |
1.000 |
| Smoking history (pack/year) § |
31.9 ± 7.4 |
31.7 ± 6.0 |
0.755 |
| FEV1/FVC %†, § |
86.6 ± 4.5 |
56.8 ± 5.3 |
<.001* |
| FEV1,% Reference†, § |
103.1 ± 9.5 |
59.4 ± 6.3 |
<.001* |
| ISAB as needed‡ |
0 (0) |
30 (63.8) |
- |
| ILAB regularly‡ | 0 (0) | 18 (38.3) | - |
Abbreviations: COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ISAB: inhaled short-acting bronchodilators; ILAB: inhaled long-acting bronchodilators.
†,‡,§ Results are means ± SDs for †,§continuous variables and n (%) for ‡categorical variables.
†‡§ Groups were compared using †two-sample t-test or §Mann–Whitney U test if data were not normally distributed. ‡Pearson Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.
* P < 0.05, significantly different between groups.