Table 1.

Nonsymbolic Addition Problems of Experiment 1 and Susceptibility to Alternative Strategies.

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
X	Y	X+Y	Z	Ratio	Correct choice (larger)	Choose X+Y strategy	Choose Z strategy	Y vs. Z strategy	X vs. Z strategy	Extreme X-value strategy	Extreme Z-value strategy	Spatio-temp. strategy
18	10	28	16	4:7	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	1	1	1
26	14	40	24	4:7	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	0	1	0
22	6	28	49	4:7	Z	−1	1	1	1	0	0	1
19	5	24	42	4:7	Z	−1	1	1	1	1	0	1
27	6	33	56	4:7	Z	−1	1	1	1	0	1	0
35	7	42	24	4:7	X+Y	1	−1	−1	1	1	1	0
16	8	24	36	4:6	Z	−1	1	1	1	1	0	1
22	6	28	42	4:6	Z	−1	1	1	1	0	0	1
28	8	36	54	4:6	Z	−1	1	1	1	0	1	0
30	18	48	32	4:6	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	0	0	0
26	16	42	28	4:6	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	0	1	0
35	19	54	36	4:6	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	1	0	0
18	10	28	35	4:5	Z	−1	1	1	1	1	0	1
24	8	32	40	4:5	Z	−1	1	1	1	0	0	1
32	8	40	32	4:5	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	1	0	0
40	10	50	40	4:5	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	1	0	0
32	12	44	55	4:5	Z	−1	1	1	1	1	1	0
20	10	30	24	4:5	X+Y	1	−1	−1	0	0	1	1