Table 3.
Reference | Acceleration duration (ms) | Peak acceleration (g) | n | Source of data |
---|---|---|---|---|
Current study | 103.8 (11.0) | 3.6 to 7.9 | 24 | |
Krafft et al. [36] | 80.0 (32.4) | 4.0 to 14.0 | 8 | Crash pulse recorders of automobiles in rear-end collisions |
Ono et al. [53] | 100.0 | 2.5 | 1 | Automotive rear-end collision |
Geigl et al. [24] | 110.0 | 3.1 | 1 | Accident data recorder of automobiles in rear-end collisions |
West et al. [85] | 128.4 (19.7) | 2.1 to 7.5 | 14 | Human volunteer rear-end collision in various automobiles |
Welcher et al. [84] | 135.0 (21.2) | 1.4 to 4.0 | 2 | Cars in rear-end collisions (foam-to-foam-bumper interface) |
Bailey [3] | 140.0 | 3.2 | 1 | Cars in rear-end collisions (foam-to-foam-bumper interface) |
Severy et al. [73] | 164.0 (41.0) | 1.5 to 6.1 | 5 | Pioneering study (cars with rigid bumpers) |