Table 1.

Scoring system of Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA)

Motor dysfunction of the lower extremity
0	Cannot walk
1	Needs cane or aid on flat ground
2	Needs cane or aid only on stairs
3	Can walk without cane or aid, but slowly
4	No disability
Sensory deficit of lower extremities
0	Severe sensory loss or pain
1	Mild sensory loss
2	None
Sphincter dysfunction
0	Unable to void
1	Marked difficulty in micturition
2	Difficulty in micturition
3	None