Table 6.
Study characteristics—studies with consecutive inclusion in non-randomised studies with information about posterior instrumentation, decompression, and reduction
| Study | Study type | N | Average age (range) | Grades included | Levels included | Type of treatment | Follow-up | Posterior instr. | Decompression | Reduction | Clinical outcome | Fusion | Complications | Cowley score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knight [20] | Prospective treatment series | 24 | 42.2 (22–72) | I–III | L4–S1 | Posterolateral endoscopic foraminal decompression | 34 Months | No | Yes | No | 79% | NR | 2 Revisions | 12 |
| Verlooy [44] | Prospective treatment series | 20 | 42 (21–70) | I | L4–S1 | PIF (IC) + laminectomy, DE | 42 Months | No | Yes | No | 45% | 80% | 1 L5 paresis, 13 minor sensory disturbances | 11 |
| Suk [37] | Retrospective controlled treatment series | 40 | 44 (30–60) | I–III | L3–S1 | PLF (steffee/CDI/diapason) | 5.4 Years | Yes | Yes | Yes | 95% | 92.5% | 6:3 Non-union, 2 instrument failure, 1 infection | 7 |
| Retrospective controlled treatment series | 36 | 44 (30–60) | I–III | L3–S1 | PLF (VSP/diapason) + PIF (IC) | 3.3 years | Yes | Yes | Yes | 98% | 100% | 2:1 Infection, 1 neurology | ||
| Markwalder [23] | Prospective patient cohort | 72 | 40 (15–65) | I–III | L4–S1 | PLF (Lois plates/CDI) | 26 Months | Yes | No | Yes | 96% | 100% | 12 Removal of material | 5 |
| Kim [19] | Retrospective controlled patient cohort | 20 | 44.1 (21–62) | I–II | L3–S1 | AIF | 3.6 Years | No | Yes | No | 85% | 90% | 7:2 Warm leg, 2 paralytic ileus, 1 urinary retention, 2 delayed union | 5 |
| Retrospective controlled patient cohort | 20 | 41.3 (21–57) | I–II | L3–S1 | PLF (PS + blockbone) | 2.3 Years | Yes | No | No | 90% | 95% | 1:Screw loosening |
CDI Cottrell–Dubousset instrumentation; IC iliac crest autograft, PIF posterior interbody fusion, AIF anterior interbody fusion, NR not reported, PLF posterolateral fusion, DE discectomy