Table 2.
Overview of significant predictors for at least one outcome measure (pain, disability, work capacity and composite score)
| Outcome → | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor ↓ | Outcome (pain, disability, work and composite score) | Positive findings/n study (%) | Level of evidencea | |
| Sign | Not sign | |||
| Socio-demographic | ||||
| Gender (female) | B, D, J | A, F, K, I | 3/7 (42.8%) | 3 |
| Age | A, E | B, K, D, I, F, J | 2/8 (25%) | 5 |
| Body weight | D, E | B*, I | 2/4 (50%) | 3 |
| Body length | D | B*, I | 1/3 (33%) | 3 |
| Education level | E, B, F, L, K | J | 5/6 (84%) | 1 |
| Marital status | E | J, I, B | 1/4 (25%) | 4 |
| Clinical | ||||
| Preoperative status | ||||
| Preoperative pain | E, F, G, I, J | A, H | 5/7 (71.4%) | 1 |
| Preoperative disability | E, F, I | H | 3/4 (75%) | 2 |
| Other preoperative complaints | A, F | 2/2 (100%) | 2 | |
| Duration of complaints | A, E, I, J, F | D, B, K | 5/8 (62.5%) | 2 |
| Clinical signs | ||||
| Segmental sensory loss | B, K | 2/2 (100%) | 2 | |
| Straight leg raising test | K | E, F, I | 1/4 (25%) | 4 |
| Radiological findings | F, I | 2/2 (100%) | 2 | |
| Operative findings | D, H | E | 2/3 (66.6%) | 3 |
| Work | ||||
| Work conditions (physical) | D, E | B, J | 2/4 (50%) | 2 |
| Work satisfaction | E, I, F | 3/3 (100%) | 1 | |
| Duration of sick leave | A, B, D, F, J | I, K | 5/7 (71.4%) | 1 |
| Psychological | ||||
| Depression | G, I, J | C, D, E, F | 3/7 (42%) | 3 |
| Anxiety | D, G, I, J | E | 4/5 (80%) | 1 |
| Somatisation | D, E, J | H | 3/4 (75%) | 1 |
| Coping | C, D, F, H | 4/4 (100%) | 1 | |
| Live events | B | J | 1/2 (50%) | 3 |
| Social support | I | J | 1/2 (50%) | 3 |
A = Dauch et al. (1994) [6]
B = Donceel and Du Bois (1999) [7]
C = Fulde et al. (1995) [14]
D = Graver et al. (1992) [18–21]
E = Hurme and Alaranta (1987) [28]
F = Junge et al. (1995) [31]
G = Kjelby et al. (1999) [32]
H = Rosenstiel and Gross (1986) [32]
I = Schade et al. (1999) [51]
J = Sorensen et al. (1987) [52]
K = Woertgen et al. (1999) [64]
*Trend (P=0.1)
a1 = Positive evidence
2 = Preliminary positive evidence
3 = Conflicting evidence
4 = Preliminary negative evidence
5 = Negative evidence