Table 2.

 Overall effect of novel oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in secondary prevention (previous stroke) subgroup

Outcome	Any NOAC (dabigatran 110 mg twice daily, apixaban, rivaroxaban*) v warfarin			Any NOAC (dabigatran 150 mg twice daily, apixaban, rivaroxaban*) v warfarin
	Weighted average effect—hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value		Weighted average effect—hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value
Stroke or systemic embolism	0.87 (0.75 to 1.02)	0.083		0.86 (0.73 to 1.00)	0.047
Stroke	0.89 (0.76 to 1.04)	0.142		0.86 (0.74 to 1.01)	0.070
Ischaemic or uncertain type of stroke	1.02 (0.86 to 1.23)	0.798		0.98 (0.82 to 1.17)	0.825
Haemorrhagic stroke	0.50 (0.33 to 0.74)	0.001		0.51 (0.35 to 0.75)	0.001
Disabling or fatal stroke	0.89 (0.72 to 1.09)	0.260		0.87 (0.70 to 1.07)	0.174
Death from anycause	0.89 (0.79 to 1.01)	0.070		0.94 (0.84 to 1.07)	0.350
Death from vascular causes	0.91 (0.78 to 1.06)	0.238		0.98 (0.84 to 1.14)	0.793
Myocardial infarction	1.00 (0.76 to 1.32)	0.997		1.06 (0.80 to 1.40)	0.682
ISTH major bleeding	0.83 (0.71 to 0.96)	0.012		0.91 (0.79 to 1.06)	0.221
Intracranial bleeding	0.49 (0.36 to 0.69)	<0.001		0.53 (0.39 to 0.73)	<0.001
Gastrointestinal bleeding	0.93 (0.63 to 1.36)	0.698		1.34 (0.94 to 1.90)	0.106
Other location bleeding	0.86 (0.69 to 1.09)	0.219		1.05 (0.84 to 1.31)	0.675

ISTH=International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis; NOAC=novel oral anticoagulant.

*Rivaroxaban not included for gastrointestinal bleeding outcome.