Table 2. Main causes of deatha among adolescents and young adults (15–24 years), by gender.
| Cause | Female (%) n = 526 | Male (%) n = 267 | Total (%) n = 793 | RRfem (95% CI) | χ2 | p value | |
| CDb | Yes | 404 (76.8) | 151 (56.6) | 555 (70.0) | 1.36 (1.21–1.52) | 34.6 | <0.001 |
| No | 122 (23.2) | 116 (43.4) | 238 (30.0) | ||||
| HIV/TBc | Yes | 301 (57.2) | 83 (31.1) | 384 (48.4) | 1.84 (1.52–2.23) | 48.5 | <0.001 |
| No | 225 (42.8) | 184 (68.9) | 409 (51.6) | ||||
| HIV | Yes | 220 (41.8) | 61 (22.8) | 281 (35.4) | 1.83 (1.44–2.33) | 27.9 | <0.001 |
| No | 306 (58.2) | 206 (77.2) | 512 (64.6) | ||||
| TB | Yes | 81 (15.4) | 22 (8.2) | 103 (13.0) | 1.87 (1.20–2.92) | 8.03 | 0.005 |
| No | 445 (84.6) | 245 (91.8) | 690 (87.0) | ||||
| Malaria | Yes | 69 (13.1) | 37 (14.3) | 106 (13.4) | 0.95 (0.65–1.37) | 0.08 | 0.77 |
| No | 457 (86.9) | 230 (86.1) | 687 (86.6) | ||||
| Oth.Infections | Yes | 34 (6.5) | 31 (11.6) | 65 (8.2) | 0.56 (0.35–0.89) | 6.23 | 0.013 |
| No | 492 (93.5) | 236 (88.4) | 728 (91.8) | [1.80(1.13–2.86)]d | |||
| Injuries | Yes | 15 (2.9) | 52 (19.5) | 67 (8.4) | 0.15 (0.08–0.26) | 63.3 | <0.001 |
| No | 511 (97.1) | 215 (80.5) | 726 (91.6) | [6.85 (3.92–11.9)] | |||
| CNS | Yes | 18 (3.4) | 28 (10.5) | 46 (5.8) | 0.33 (0.18–0.58) | 16.2 | <0.001 |
| No | 508 (96.6) | 239 (89.5) | 747 (94.2) | [3.06 (1.73–5.43)] | |||
| Nutritional | Yes | 24 (4.6) | 8 (3.0) | 32 (4.0) | 1.52 (0.69–3.34) | 1.12 | 0.289 |
| No | 502 (95.4) | 259 (97.0) | 761 (96.0) | ||||
| Maternal | Yes | 34 (6.5) | ––– | 34 (4.3) | – | 18.0 | <0.001 |
| No | 492 (93.5) | 267 (100 ) | 759 (95.7) | ||||
| Respiratory | Yes | 4 (0.8) | 1 (0.4) | 5 (0.6) | 2.03 (0.23–18.08) | 0.42 | 0.516 |
| No | 522 (99.2) | 266 (99.6) | 788 (99.4) | ||||
| Gut | Yes | 4 (0.8) | 4 (1.5) | 8 (1.0) | 0.51 (0.13–2.01) | 1.97 | 0.326 |
| No | 522 (99.2) | 263 (98.5) | 785 (99.0) | ||||
| Liver | Yes | 4 (0.8) | 6 (2.2) | 10 (1.3) | 0.34 (0.10–1.19) | 3.14 | 0.076 |
| No | 522 (99.2) | 261 (97.8) | 783 (98.7) | ||||
| Cancer | Yes | 4 (0.8) | 3 (1.1) | 7 (0.9) | 0.68 (0.15–3.02) | 0.27 | 0.605 |
| No | 522 (99.2) | 264 (98.9) | 786 (99.1) | ||||
| Cardio-vascular | Yes | 4 (0.8) | 3 (1.1) | 7 (0.9) | 0.68 (0.15–3.02) | 0.27 | 0.605 |
| No | 522(99.2) | 264 (98.9) | 786 (99.1) | ||||
| Renal/Urinary | Yes | 2 (0.4) | 4 (1.5) | 6 (0.8) | 0.25 (0.05–1.38) | 2.93 | 0.086 |
| No | 524 (99.6) | 263 (98.5) | 787 (99.2) | ||||
| Diabetes | Yes | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (0.4) | 0.25 (0.02–2.79) | 1.47 | 0.226 |
| No | 525 (99.8) | 265 (99.3) | 790 (99.6) |
NOTE. RRfem, Relative risk for females compared with males; CI, confidence interval; χ2, chi-squared.
a
Statistics presented exclude deaths with undetermined cause (n = 174); of 238 NCD deaths, 13 ‘other’ NCDs are excluded from main cause of death analysis.
b
CD, communicable diseases (HIV, TB, malaria, other common infections).
c
HIV/TB is the combination of all deaths diagnosed with either TB or HIV as the cause of death.
d
Significantly higher proportion of deaths in males, inverse RRmales presented [in brackets].