Table 1. Details of included studies.

Study	Methods	Participants	Outcomes Measured in Main study	Definitions
Varma, 2009	Prospective cohort study of HIV/TB co-infected patients in Thailand who were programmatically treated and followed from May 2005- September 2006.	Of the 667 patients in the published study, 16 (2.3%) had MDR TB and 273 (41.0%) were prescribed ART. Of published patients, 8 (1.2%) met inclusion criteria, 4 (50%) were on ART. Six (75%) were classified as MDR and 2 (25%) as ODR.	Cure, treatment completion, death, treatment failure, adverse events,	Cure-Not defined in publicationConversion-N/A
Eker, 2008	Retrospective hospital-based cohort study of 184 culture confirmed MDR TB patients hospitalized between Jan-2004 through Dec- 2006 in Germany.	Of the 187 patients, 177 (94.7%) were classified as MDR and 7 (3.7%) as XDR. Seven (3.7%) were HIV positive. Four (2.1%) patients were included in the review, all of which were on ART and were classified as MDR.	Cure, treatment completion, treatment success, death, failure, treatment failure (death or failure), default, adverse events, transfer out, culture conversion	Cure-Laserson criteria: completed treatment according to country protocol and consistently negative (≥5 results) in final 12 months of therapy. Conversion-not defined in publication
Shean, 2008	Hospital-based retrospective cohort study in South Africa from January 1992- December 2002.	All 491 patients included in the study were MDR and of those tested, 15 (9%) were HIV-infected. Twenty (4.1%) patients were included in the review, all of whom were on ART and all of whom were classified as MDR.	Cure, death, default, transfer out, treatment completion, Culture conversion, smear conversion	Cure-Laserson criteriaConversion-two consecutive negative sputum cultures take a month apart
Palmero, 2006	Hospital-based cohort study in Argentina from December 2001 to December 2003.	Of the 53 patients included in the published study, all (100%) were included in the review as well as 1 additional patient. Twenty-eight (51.9%) were on ART. All patients were classified as MDR.	Cure, death, default, adverse event, transfer out	Cure-Laserson criteria. Conversion-N/A
Migliori, 2007	Population-based cohort study in Estonia, Germany, Italy, and the Russian Federation between January 1999 and January 2006	Of the 361 MDR and 64 XDR patients included in the published study, 8 (1.9%) patients were included in the review, all were MDR, and all were on ART.	Cure, treatment success, death, default, failure, transfer out, treatment completion, culture conversion, smear conversion	Cure-Laserson criteria. Conversion-not defined in publication
Jamal, 2003	Population-based cohort study in Brazil between Jan 1994 and July 2003.1	OF the 93 patients sent for possible inclusion, 16 (17.2%) were included in the review, 5 (31.3%) with ODR and 11 (68.8%) classified as MDR. All included patients were on ART.	Cure, transfer out, adverse event	Cure-Negative culture at end of treatment. Conversion-N/A
Leimane 2010	Population-based cohort study in Latvia between January 2000 to December 2004.	Of the 1027 patients (979 MDR and 48 XDR) included in the published study, 7 (0.7%) MDR patients were included in the review, 5 (71.4) of which were on ART.	Cure, death, default	Cure-Laserson criteria. Conversion-N/A
El-Sahly, 2006	Population-based case-control study2 in the US (Houston, Texas) of enrolled TB cases between August 1995 and September 2001.	Of the 193 patients with drug resistance TB in the published study, 10 (0.5%) were classified as having MDR with remaining 183 (94.8%) patients classified as ODR. Nine (4.7%) patients were included in the review, all classified as ODR and all on ART.	Cure, culture conversion, and smear conversion3 death,	Cure-Laserson criteria. Conversion-not defined in publication
Dheda, 2010	Retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed and treated at four of nine South African hospitals designated to treat XDR TB in South Africa between August 2002 and February 2008.	Of the 174 XDR patients included in the analysis, 82 (47.1%) were HIV positive and included in the review. Of the included patients, 52 (63%) were on ART.	Death, culture conversion	Cure-N/A. Conversion- Two consecutively negative cultures, collected 1 month apart, with first culture positive at start of treatment.
Burgos, 2005	Population-based cohort study in the US (San Francisco) from Jan 1982 to December 2000.	Forty-eight cases of MDR cases were reported, 11 (22.9%) were HIV positive. All HIV positive cases were included in the review, and 2(18.1%) were on ART.	Treatment response, relapse, adverse events, death, culture conversion, smear conversion	Cure- complete course of treatment with microbiologic and clinical response. Conversion-series of 3 negative culture/smear results

¹Data from routine TB surveillance system of the TB Division State of Sao Paulo identified through 2003 thereby representing a larger study population than those included in the referenced abstracts.

²Nested in larger cohort study, which is the design from which we pulled data.

³Cure, culture and smear conversion data not presented in publication.