Table 1.

Clinical studies evaluating anti-idiotypic Abs as cancer vaccines in solid tumors.

Anti-Idiotype vaccine	Mimicked antigen	Tumor type	Clinical phase	Reference
Racotumomab (1E10)	NGc-containing	Breast cancer	I	Diaz et al. (2003), Guthmann et al. (2006)
	gangliosides	Lung cancer	l/l I	Neninger et al. (2007)
			Ongoing II/III	Alfonso et al. (2007), Hernandez et al. (2008)
		Melanoma?	I	Alfonso et al. (2002)
		Pediatric tumors?	Ongoing I
TriGem	GD2	Melanoma	l/l I	Foon et al. (1995, 2000)
MK2-23	HMW-MAA	Melanoma	l/l I	Mittelman et al. (1994, 1995)
BR3E4	EpCam	Colorectal cancer	I	Birebent et al. (2001, 2003)
3H1 (CeaVac)	CEA	Colorectal cancer	l/l I III	Foon et al. (1995, 1997) Chong et al. (2006)
105AD7	CD55	Colorectal cancer	l/l I	Denton et al. (1994), Maxwell-Armstrong et al. (2001) Maxwell-Armstrong (2002)
11D10 (TriAb)	HMGF	Breast cancer	I	Reece et al. (2001, 2003)
		Colorectal cancer	II in association with 3H1	Posner et al. (2008)
		Lung cancer	II in association with 3H1	No data published yet
Abagovomab	CA-125	Ovarian cancer	l/l I	Reinartz et al. (2004), Pfisterer et al. (2006)
			Ongoing II/III	Sabbatini et al. (2006)